Table 3.
Organ dysfunction and therapy details.
| Parameter | N | Total (n = 202) | Survivors (n = 165) | Non-survivors (n = 37) | P-value |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| New or progressive MODS, n (%) | 202 | 47 (23.2) | 10 (6.0) | 37 (100) | 0.0001 |
| N-MODS | 22 | 4 (2.0) | 4 (2.4) | 0 (0) | 0.34 |
| P-MODS | 180 | 43 (21.3) | 6 (3.6) | 37 (100) | 0.0001 |
| Number of organ dysfunction | |||||
| Day 1 | 202 | 2 (2, 3) | 2 (2, 4) | 4 (3, 4) | 0.0001 |
| Day 2 | 198 | 2 (2, 3) | 2 (1, 3) | 4 (4, 5) | 0.0001 |
| Day 3 | 190 | 2 (2, 3) | 2 (1, 3) | 4 (3, 5) | 0.0001 |
| Day 5 | 176 | 1 (1, 1) | 1 (0, 2) | 5 (4, 5) | 0.0001 |
| PELOD 2 score | |||||
| Day 1 | 202 | 3 (2, 6) | 2 (2, 3) | 8 (7, 10) | 0.0001 |
| Day 2 | 198 | 2 (2, 5) | 2 (2, 3) | 9 (6, 10) | 0.0001 |
| Day 3 | 190 | 2 (1, 4) | 2 (1, 2) | 9 (7, 10) | 0.0001 |
| Day 5 | 176 | 1 (0, 2) | 2 (1, 2) | 8 (7, 12) | 0.0001 |
| Organ dysfunction at admission, n (%) | |||||
| Hematological | 202 | 180 (89.1) | 143 (86.7) | 37 (100) | 0.02 |
| Hepatic | 202 | 179 (88.6) | 148 (89.7) | 31 (83.8) | 0.3 |
| Respiratory | 202 | 63 (31.2) | 26 (15.8) | 37 (100) | 0.0001 |
| Renal | 202 | 57 (28.2) | 39 (23.6) | 18 (48.6) | 0.002 |
| Cardiovascular | 202 | 43 (21.3) | 26 (15.8) | 17 (45.9) | 0.0001 |
| Neurological | 202 | 20 (9.9) | 0 (0) | 20 (54.1) | 0.03 |
| ARDS, n (%) | 202 | 77 (38.1) | 41 (24.8) | 36 (97.3) | 0.0001 |
| Invasive mechanical ventilation, n (%) | 202 | 61 (30.2) | 27 (16.4) | 34 (91.9) | 0.001 |
| Duration of ventilation, days | 61 | 3 (2, 6) | 3 (2, 5) | 4 (5, 7) | 0.01 |
| HFOV, n (%) | 61 | 7 (3.5) | 2 (1.2) | 5 (13.5) | 0.0001 |
| Shock, n (%) | 202 | 43 (21.3) | 26 (15.8) | 17 (45.9) | 0.0001 |
| VIS on day 1 | 202 | 0 (0) | 0 (0) | 10 (0, 32) | 0.001 |
| VIS on day 3 | 187 | 0 (0,10) | 0 (0) | 25 (13, 81) | 0.001 |
| VIS on day 5 | 175 | 0 (0) | 0 (0) | 29 (18, 68) | 0.001 |
| AKI, n (%) | 202 | 57 (28.2) | 39 (23.6) | 18 (48.6) | 0.002 |
| RRT, n (%) | 202 | 20 (9.9) | 3 (1.8) | 17 (45.9) | 0.0001 |
| Treatment, n (%) | |||||
| Artesunate | 202 | 61 (30.2) | 50 (30.3) | 11 (29.7) | 0.94 |
| Doxycycline | 202 | 175 (86.6) | 145 (87.9) | 30 (81.1) | 0.27 |
| Azithromycin | 202 | 20 (9.9) | 14 (8.5) | 6 (16.2) | 0.33 |
| Immunomodulation (IvIg and/or steroids) | 202 | 14 (6.9) | 8 (4.8) | 6 (16.2) | 0.01 |
| Outcome | |||||
| Length of PICU stay, days | 202 | 4 (3, 7) | 5 (4, 7) | 2 (1, 7) | 0.001 |
| Length of hospital stay, days | 202 | 4 (2, 7) | 5 (3, 8) | 2 (2, 4.5) | 0.001 |
All values expressed as Median (IQR).
PELOD, pediatric logistic organ dysfunction; ARDS, acute respiratory distress syndrome; AKI, acute kidney injury; VIS, Vasoactive inotrope score.
HFOV, High frequency oscillatory ventilation; RRT, Renal replacement therapy; IvIg, Intravenous immunoglobulin.