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. 2020 Dec 17;10:22130. doi: 10.1038/s41598-020-79240-y

Table 4.

Scores at the T1.

Letters-to-syllable teaching Letter-to-phoneme teaching Group difference
M (SD) M (SD)
Knowledge about letters name (max 8 items) 5.9 (2.1) 5.9 (2.1) t(220) = .11, p = .9
Phonemic awareness (max 24 items) 7.3 (9.2) 7.9 (9.6) t(220) =  − .46, p = .64
Syllable reading (max 16 items) 0.2 (0.9) 0.2 (0.9) t(220) =  − .45, p = .65