Table 1.
Mental health treatment utilization by sociodemographic factors and HBM domains (N = 5,343)
| Untreated (n = 2,092) | Treated (n = 3,251) | F | |||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| N | % | n | % | ||
| Sociodemographics | |||||
| Sex at birth | 24.40*** | ||||
| Female | 1,516 | 37.3 | 2,547 | 62.7 | |
| Male | 574 | 45.1 | 700 | 54.9 | |
| Race | 81.32*** | ||||
| White | 1,241 | 36.1 | 2,196 | 63.9 | |
| Black | 146 | 51.6 | 137 | 48.4 | |
| Asian | 278 | 53.6 | 241 | 46.4 | |
| Hispanic | 109 | 44.3 | 137 | 55.7 | |
| Multiracial or other | 318 | 37.1 | 540 | 62.9 | |
| Sexual orientation | 64.87*** | ||||
| Heterosexual | 1,558 | 42.8 | 2,079 | 57.2 | |
| LGBTQ | 534 | 31.3 | 1,172 | 68.7 | |
| Age | 4.57* | ||||
| 18–22 | 1,470 | 40.1 | 2,194 | 59.9 | |
| 23+ | 622 | 37.0 | 1,057 | 63.0 | |
| Importance of Religion | 16.84*** | ||||
| Important | 702 | 43.3 | 919 | 56.7 | |
| Unimportant or neutral | 1,390 | 37.3 | 2,332 | 62.7 | |
| Citizenship | 23.61*** | ||||
| U.S. citizen | 1,931 | 38.4 | 3,104 | 61.6 | |
| Non‐U.S. citizen | 161 | 52.3 | 147 | 47.7 | |
| Perceived severity | |||||
| Depression impacted functioning | 27.10*** | ||||
| Difficult | 2,018 | 38.6 | 3,206 | 61.4 | |
| Not difficult | 74 | 62.2 | 45 | 37.8 | |
| Depression hurt academics | 19.50*** | ||||
| More than one day | 2,031 | 38.7 | 3,211 | 61.3 | |
| No | 61 | 60.4 | 40 | 39.6 | |
| Perceived benefits | |||||
| Belief in therapy effectiveness | 94.97*** | ||||
| Helpful | 1,497 | 44.1 | 1,899 | 55.9 | |
| Not helpful | 595 | 30.6 | 1,352 | 69.4 | |
| Belief in medication effectiveness | 143.68*** | ||||
| Helpful | 1,863 | 43.0 | 2,467 | 57.0 | |
| Not helpful | 229 | 22.6 | 784 | 77.4 | |
| Perceived barriers | |||||
| Personal stigma | 12.40*** | ||||
| Agree | 149 | 48.7 | 157 | 51.3 | |
| Disagree | 1,943 | 38.6 | 3,094 | 61.4 | |
| Perceived threat of depression | 233.32*** | ||||
| Perceived threat | 1,710 | 35.7 | 3,081 | 64.3 | |
| Failed to perceive threat | 382 | 69.2 | 170 | 30.8 | |
| Self‐efficacy | |||||
| Knowledge of mental illness | 78.16*** | ||||
| Average or above | 1,848 | 37.5 | 3,086 | 62.5 | |
| Below average | 244 | 59.7 | 165 | 40.3 | |
| Knowledge of campus resources | 93.44*** | ||||
| Average or above | 1,267 | 34.8 | 2,379 | 65.2 | |
| Below average | 825 | 48.6 | 872 | 51.4 | |
| Cues‐to‐action | |||||
| Recent visit to medical provider | 194.58*** | ||||
| Yes | 1,419 | 34.2 | 2,734 | 65.8 | |
| No | 673 | 56.6 | 517 | 43.4 | |
| Recent informal support | 198.98*** | ||||
| Yes | 1,359 | 33.8 | 2,666 | 66.2 | |
| No | 733 | 55.6 | 585 | 44.4 | |
*
p < .05,
**
p < .01,
***
p < .001.