TABLE 1.
Study characteristics
| Study | Study details | |||||||||||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Diagnosis and criteria | Main outcome measures | Length of trial | Study design | Number of participants of intervention group and control group | Intervention details | Number of female | Mean age (SD) | Type of BP | Medication of MS, AD, AP | Response rate | Remission rate | Manic switch rate | Dropout rate | |
| Sit et al. (2018) |
BP I or BP II depression DSM‐IV |
HAM‐D (21‐items), SIGH‐ADS | 6 week |
RCT (two‐arm) double‐blind (participants and assessor) |
Intervention n = 23 |
7,000 lux 4,000 K White light 15–60 min Midday |
14 (60.9%) | 45.7 (14.3) |
BP I:13 (56.5%), BP II :10 (43.5%) |
MS < AC: 12 (52.2%), Li:6 (26.1%)> AD:17 (73.9%) AP: 14 (60.9%) |
16/22 72.7% |
15/22 68.2% |
0% |
1/23 4.34% |
|
Control n = 23 |
50 lux Red light 15–60 min Midday |
17 (73.9%) | 43.7 (15.0) |
BP I:18 (78.3%), BP II :5 (21.7%) |
MS < AC: 15 (65.2%), Li: 4 (23%)> AD:19 (82.6%) AP:17 (73.9%) |
9/18 50.0% |
4/18 22.2% |
0% |
5/23 21.7% |
|||||
| Zhou et al. (2018) |
Bipolar disorder depression DSM‐IV |
HAM‐D (17‐items) QIDS‐SR16 |
2 week |
RCT (two‐arm) Single‐blind (participants) |
Intervention n = 33 |
5,000 lux 10,000 K Bright light 60min Morning |
20 (60.6%) | 35.09 (14.19) | NA | MS:33 (100%) |
26/33 78.8% |
‐ | 0% |
4/37 10.8% |
|
Control n = 30 |
Less than 100lux Dim red light Morning |
14 (46.7%) | 39.73 (13.53) | NA | MS:30 (100%) |
13/30 43.3% |
‐ | 0% |
7/37 18.9% |
|||||
| Yorguner Kupeli et al. (2018) |
BP I or BP II depression DSM‐IV |
HAM‐D, MADRS | 2 week |
RCT (two‐arm) Single‐blind (participants) |
Intervention n = 16 |
10,000 lux Bright light 30min Morning |
10 (62.5%) | 42.1 (9.1) |
BP I:10 (62.5%), BP II :6 (37.5%) |
MS < Li:9 (56.2%), LTG:2 (12.5%), VPA: 3 (18.8%)> AD: 6 (37.5%) AP: 6 (37.5%) |
11/16 68.8% |
7/16 43.8% |
0% |
0/16 0% |
|
Control n = 16 |
Less than 500lux Dim light Morning |
16 (100%) | 37.1 (8.2) |
BP I:7 (43.8%), BP II :9 (56.2%) |
MS < Li:8 (50%), LTG:5 (31.3%), VPA: 3, (18.8%), CBZ:2(12.5%)> AD: 6 (37.5%) AP: 9 (56.3%) |
2/16 12.5% |
1/16 6.25% |
0% |
0/16 0% |
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| Dauphinais et al. (2012) |
BP I or BP II depression DSM‐IV |
SIGH‐ADS, MADRS | 8 week |
RCT (three‐arm) Single‐blind (assessor) |
Intervention n = 18 |
7,000 lux 4,000 K Bright light 7.5– 15 min Morning |
13 (72.2%) | 42.4 (12.4) | NA | NA |
7/18 38.9% |
2/18 11.1% |
1/18 (hypomania) 5.5% |
8/18 44.4% |
|
Control n = 20 |
Negative ion air Morning |
15 (75%) | 43.1 (16.0) | NA | NA |
5/20 25% |
5/20 25% |
1/20 (hypomania) 5% |
9/20 45% |
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Abbreviations: AC, Anticonvulsants; AD, Antidepressants; AP, Antipsychotics; BP, Bipolar disorder; CBZ, Carbamazepine; DSM, Diagnostic and Statistical Manual of Mental Disorders; HAM‐D, Hamilton Depression Rating Scale; Li, Lithium; LTG, Lamotrigine; MADRS, Montgomery–Åsberg Depression Rating Scale; MS, Mood Stabilizer; NA, Not Available; QIDS‐SR16, The 16‐item Quick Inventory of Depressive Symptomatology Self‐report; RCT, Randomized controlled trial; SIGH‐ADS, Hamilton Depression Rating Scale with Atypical Depression Supplement; VPA, Valproate.