Table 3.
Multivariable multilevel regression results for regional anesthesia use
| Characteristics | OR [95% CI] | p value |
|---|---|---|
| Age, continuous | 1.10 [1.08, 1.11] | < 0.001 |
| Sex | ||
| Female | 0.99 [0.92, 1.06] | 0.742 |
| Male | Reference | |
| Race | ||
| Asian | 0.76 [0.54, 1.09] | < 0.001 |
| Black | 0.93 [0.81, 1.07] | |
| Other | 1.11 [0.99, 1.24] | |
| Unknown | 1.39 [1.19, 1.63] | |
| White | Reference | |
| Hispanic status | ||
| Yes | 0.78 [0.65, 0.94] | 0.009 |
| No | Reference | |
| Procedure year | ||
| 2006 | 0.76 [0.65, 0.89] | < 0.001 |
| 2007 | 0.92 [0.78, 1.08] | |
| 2008 | 0.51 [0.43, 0.60] | |
| 2009 | 0.63 [0.54, 0.75] | |
| 2010 | 0.68 [0.53, 0.87] | |
| 2011 | 0.45 [0.34, 0.58] | |
| 2012 | 0.60 [0.46, 0.77] | |
| 2013 | 0.81 [0.63, 1.05] | |
| 2014 | 1.04 [0.80, 1.35] | |
| 2015 | 0.96 [0.74, 1.24] | |
| 2005 | Reference | |
| Provider volume | 1.02 [0.81, 1.30] | 0.854 |
| Location | ||
| Rural | 0.66 [0.25, 1.75] | 0.400 |
| Urban | Reference | |
| In-state | ||
| No | 1.10 [1.00, 1.21] | 0.052 |
| Yes | Reference | |
| Insurance | ||
| Medicaid | 0.75 [0.65, 0.87] | < 0.001 |
| Other | 0.95 [0.75, 1.22] | |
| Unknown | 0.81 [0.66, 0.99] | |
| Private | Reference | |
| Sports injury | ||
| Yes | 1.20 [1.19, 1.31] | < 0.001 |
| No | Reference | |
| Procedure type | ||
| ACL repair | 1.91 [1.74, 2.10] | < 0.001 |
| Knee arthroscopy | 1.19 [1.09, 1.30] | |
| Shoulder arthroscopy | Reference | |
| C-statistic, 0.967 | ||