Figure - PMC

Skip to main content

An official website of the United States government

Here's how you know

Here's how you know

Official websites use .gov
A .gov website belongs to an official government organization in the United States.

Secure .gov websites use HTTPS
A lock ( ) or https:// means you've safely connected to the .gov website. Share sensitive information only on official, secure websites.

View full-text article in PMC

. 2020 Dec 20;9:167. doi: 10.1186/s40249-020-00763-7

Search in PMC
Search in PubMed
View in NLM Catalog
Add to search

© The Author(s) 2020

Open AccessThis article is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 International License, which permits use, sharing, adaptation, distribution and reproduction in any medium or format, as long as you give appropriate credit to the original author(s) and the source, provide a link to the Creative Commons licence, and indicate if changes were made. The images or other third party material in this article are included in the article's Creative Commons licence, unless indicated otherwise in a credit line to the material. If material is not included in the article's Creative Commons licence and your intended use is not permitted by statutory regulation or exceeds the permitted use, you will need to obtain permission directly from the copyright holder. To view a copy of this licence, visit http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/. The Creative Commons Public Domain Dedication waiver (http://creativecommons.org/publicdomain/zero/1.0/) applies to the data made available in this article, unless otherwise stated in a credit line to the data.

PMC Copyright notice

Fig. 1 — Frequency of cytokine⁺ cells in Leprosy patients, Household Contacts and Healthy Controls upon in vitro non-stimulated culture. The frequency (‰) of cytokine⁺ cells (IFN-γ, IL-4 and IL-10) amongst gated lymphocyte subsets including: T-cells, CD4⁺ T-cells and CD8⁺ T-cells were calculated upon in vitro culture in the absence of exogenous stimuli (non-stimulated culture). The results are presented in boxplot format, indicating the median values (min–max) and the outliers underscored by dots, based on Tuckey analysis for Healthy Controls = ; Leprosy patients = ; HHC(PB) = —Household Contacts of Paucibacillary Leprosy patients; HHC(MB) = —Household Contacts of Multibacillary Leprosy patients; L(PB) = —Paucibacillary Leprosy patients; L(MB) = —Multibacillary Leprosy patients. Multiple comparisons amongst groups were carried out by Kruskal–Wallis test followed by Dunn’s post-test for sequential pairwise comparisons. Additionally, Man-Whitney Test were also employed for pairwise comparative analysis. Significant differences, using the above-mentioned statistical methods are underscored by * for differences at P < 0.05 and ** for differences at P < 0.01

Inline graphic — Frequency of cytokine⁺ cells in Leprosy patients, Household Contacts and Healthy Controls upon in vitro non-stimulated culture. The frequency (‰) of cytokine⁺ cells (IFN-γ, IL-4 and IL-10) amongst gated lymphocyte subsets including: T-cells, CD4⁺ T-cells and CD8⁺ T-cells were calculated upon in vitro culture in the absence of exogenous stimuli (non-stimulated culture). The results are presented in boxplot format, indicating the median values (min–max) and the outliers underscored by dots, based on Tuckey analysis for Healthy Controls = ; Leprosy patients = ; HHC(PB) = —Household Contacts of Paucibacillary Leprosy patients; HHC(MB) = —Household Contacts of Multibacillary Leprosy patients; L(PB) = —Paucibacillary Leprosy patients; L(MB) = —Multibacillary Leprosy patients. Multiple comparisons amongst groups were carried out by Kruskal–Wallis test followed by Dunn’s post-test for sequential pairwise comparisons. Additionally, Man-Whitney Test were also employed for pairwise comparative analysis. Significant differences, using the above-mentioned statistical methods are underscored by * for differences at P < 0.05 and ** for differences at P < 0.01