Table 3.
The impact of DPP-4 inhibitors on diabetic cardiomyopathy.
| DPP-4 inhibitor | Study model | DPP-4 inhibitor mediated outcome | References |
|---|---|---|---|
| Sitagliptin (100 mg once daily) | Subjects with poorly controlled T2DM, on metformin plus glyburide, randomized to receive bedtime NPH insulin or sitagliptin for 24-weeks. | • 46.7 vs. 35.7% of subjects experienced a decrease in the E/e′ ratio with sitagliptin vs. NPH insulin treatment | Nogueira et al., 2014 |
| Sitagliptin (50 or 100 mg once daily) | Subjects with poorly controlled T2DM despite lifestyle interventions and/or pharmacotherapy were randomized to sitagliptin vs. placebo for 2-years | • Decreased E/e′ ratio | Yamada et al., 2017 |
| Sitagliptin (50 mg once daily) | Subjects with T2DM treated with sitagliptin for 24-weeks. | • No changes in both the e′ and E/e′ ratio • Increased e′ and decreased E/e′ ratio in subjects also treated with pioglitazone |
Oe et al., 2015 |
| Linagliptin (5 mg once daily) | Subjects with T2DM and asymptomatic impaired LV systolic function treated with linagliptin for 48-weeks. | • No changes in e′ or the mitral E/A and E/e′ ratios | Cioffi et al., 2020 |
| Sitagliptin (16 mg/day in the chow) | Male db/db mice treated with sitagliptin for 3-weeks | • Reduced relaxation time constant (Tau) | Lenski et al., 2011 |
| Linagliptin (83 mg per kg of chow) | Female C57BL/6J mice supplemented with a high-fat /high sucrose/high-fructose corn syrup diet treated with linagliptin for 4-months. | • Increased e′/a′ ratio • Reduced IVRT • Decreased cardiac interstitial fibrosis |
Aroor et al., 2017 |
| Linagliptin (83 mg per kg of chow) | Male Zucker obese rats treated with linagliptin for 8-weeks | • Increase in the e′/a′ ratio • Decrease in the E/e′ ratio, e′, and IVRT |
Aroor et al., 2013 |
| MK-0626 (3 mg/kg/day) | Male C57BL/6J mice subjected to T2DM and TAC surgery, treated with MK-0626 for 15-weeks | • Exacerbation of cardiac hypertrophy and reduced LVEF | Mulvihill et al., 2016 |
| Vildagliptin (10 mg/kg/day in the chow) | Male Dahl salt-sensitive rats fed a high-salt diet and treated with vildagliptin for 9-weeks | • Decrease in LVEDP • Increase in the mitral E/A ratio |
Nakajima et al., 2019 |