Table 4.
Disaster research summary (nine high‐fidelity simulation technology categories)
| Technology | Number of articles | Purpose for technology (Top 3) | Disaster type for technology (Top 3) | Disaster phase of technology | Intended user | Location of technology |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Immersive virtual reality simulation | 6 |
1. First responder/student training 2. Evacuation route decision making 3. Decontamination training |
1. Facility fire 2. Chemical/Radiological 2. Mass casualty incidents (miscellaneous) |
Preparedness: 100% |
Students: 33.3% Nursing students 100% First responders: 33.3% OR staff: 50% NICU staff: 50% All: 33.3% |
High income: 83.3% Middle: 16.7% |
| Computerized virtual reality simulation | 6 |
1. Student/first responder training 2. Improve various disaster management/decision making 2. Decontamination training |
1. Mass casualty incidents (miscellaneous) 2. Earthquake 2. Chemical 2. Radiological |
Preparedness: 100% |
Students: 66.6% Paramedical students: 50% Nursing students: 25% Medical students: 25% First responders: 33.3% ED nurses: 50% EM residents: 50% |
High income: 100% |
| Full‐scale simulation | 4 |
1. Student training 2. Improve various disaster management/decision making |
1. Mass casualty incidents (miscellaneous) 2. Earthquake 3. Chemical 3. Radiological |
Preparedness: 100% |
Students: 75% Nursing students: 66.6% Medical students: 33.3% First responders: 25% EM residents: 100% |
High income: 83.3% Middle: 16.7% |
| Augmented reality wearable smart glasses simulation | 3 |
1. Telemedicine 1. Damage assessment |
1. Mass casualty incidents (miscellaneous) |
Preparedness: 100% Response: 100% |
First responders: 100% ・Paramedics 100% |
High income: 100% |
| Augmented reality hazard analysis visual mapping simulation | 1 |
1. Coverage/high‐risk maps for preparedness 1. Improve various disaster management/decision making |
1. Facility fires |
Preparedness: 100% Response: 100% |
National government: 100% (nonmilitary) Community: 100% First responders: 100% |
High income: 100% |
| Virtual reality leap motion control simulation | 1 | 1. Rehabilitation and biofeedback for hand burn/fine motor function | 1. Explosion | Resilience: 100% | Patients/survivor: 100% | High income: 100% |
| Virtual tabletop exercise simulation | 1 | 1. Improve various disaster management/decision making | 1. Biological | Preparedness: 100% | National government: 100% (nonmilitary) | High income: 100% |
| Computational virtual reality analytics simulation | 1 |
1. Coverage/high‐risk maps for preparedness 1. Improve various disaster management/decision making 1. Risk planning |
1. Flooding |
Prevention/mitigation: 100% Preparedness: 100% Response: 100% Resilience: 100% |
National government: 100% (nonmilitary) Community: 100% |
High income: 100% |
| Computational visual analytics simulation | 1 |
1. Coverage/high‐risk maps for preparedness 1. Improve various disaster management/decision making 1. Risk planning 1. Early warning system |
1. Hurricane 1. Food contamination 1. Power shortage 1. Traffics |
Prevention/mitigation: 100% Preparedness: 100% Response: 100% Resilience: 100% |
National government: 100% (nonmilitary) Community: 100% |
High income: 100% |
ED, emergency department; EM, emergency medicine; NICU, neonatal intensive care Unit; OR, operation room.