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. 2020 Dec 18;4:2398212820979802. doi: 10.1177/2398212820979802

Table 1.

Dose- and age-dependent effects of IL-1 on learning and memory.

References Brain region Animal model and compound concentrations Age Task Effects
Goshen (2007) Hippocampus IL-1ra overexpression; IL-1ra 100 μg/mouse IL-1β low 1 ng or high 10 ng/mouse Mice 2–4 months old Contextual fear conditioning; water maze Deficit
Brennan (2003); Yirmiya (2002) Low-dose IL-1β 1–3 μg/kg; IL-1β 10 ng/rat Brennan: rats 2-month-old Yirmiya: rats 6–8 months old Passive avoidance Improvement
Goshen (2007); Yirmiya (2002) High-dose IL-1β 6–1000 μg/kg; IL-1ra 100 μg/rat Yirmiya: rats 6–8 months old Fear conditioning; passive avoidance Deficit
Takemiya (2017) IL-1ra knockout; IL-1β knockout; Mice 3 and 6 months old Water maze Deficit for young mice
Avital (2003); Matousek (2010); Moore (2009) IL-1 receptor type 1 knockout or IL-1β overexpression Avita: mice 2–4 months old; others: adult mice Contextual fear conditioning; water maze (spatial version) Deficit
Avita (2003); Goshen (2007); Gonzalez (2009) Amygdala; non- hippocampal-dependent tests IL-1ra knockout; IL-1ra overexpression; IL-1ra 100 μg/mouse IL-1β low 1 ng or high 10 ng/mouse; IL-1β 5 ng/hippocampus Mice 2–4 months old Auditory cued fear conditioning; water maze (visual version) No effect

IL: interleukin.