Table 3.
Subgroup analysis of prevalence of hypertensive disorders of pregnancy by study design and regions in Sub-Saharan Africa.
| Subgroup | Number of studies | Prevalence [95% CI] | Test of heterogeneity (I2) | P value |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CH by design | ||||
| Cohort study | 6 | 0.8 [0.7, 0.9] | 89.1 | <0.0001 |
| Cross-sectional study | 7 | 3.1 [2.9, 3.3] | 99.2 | <0.0001 |
| CH by region of SSA | ||||
| East SSA | 3 | 0.5 [0.1, 2.3] | 94.1 | <0.0001 |
| South SSA | 2 | 1.2 [0.2, 7.5] | 99.8 | <0.0001 |
| West SSA | 7 | 1 [0.4, 2.9] | 83.7 | <0.0001 |
| Eclampsia by design | ||||
| Cohort study | 4 | 0.8 [0.3–2] | 99.1 | <0.0001 |
| Cross-sectional study | 32 | 1.6 [1.2–2.3] | 98.9 | <0.0001 |
| Eclampsia by region | ||||
| Central SSA | 3 | 1.2 [0.5–3] | 89.9 | <0.0001 |
| East SSA | 10 | 1.5 [0.9–2.4] | 981 | <0.0001 |
| South SSA | 8 | 1 [0.5–1.7] | 97.0 | <0.0001 |
| West SSA | 15 | 2 [1.3–2.9] | 99.0 | <0.0001 |
| GH by design | ||||
| Cohort study | 9 | 5.7 [2.8–11.2] | 99.3 | <0.0001 |
| Cross-sectional study | 11 | 3.2 [1.7–6.1] | 98.8 | <0.0001 |
| GH by region | ||||
| East SSA | 6 | 1.5 [0.6–3.8] | 98.8 | <0.0001 |
| South SSA | 4 | 8.9 [3.0–23.6] | 99.1 | <0.0001 |
| West SSA | 9 | 5.6 [2.7–11.5] | 99.3 | <0.0001 |
| Preeclampsia by design | ||||
| Cohort study | 10 | 2.9 [1.9–4.5] | 99.0 | <0.0001 |
| Cross-sectional study | 23 | 4.7 [3.5–6.1] | 99.3 | <0.0001 |
| Preeclampsia by region | ||||
| Central SSA | 3 | 6.7 [3.1–14] | 95.7 | <0.0001 |
| East SSA | 13 | 3.6 [2.5–5.3] | 98.8 | <0.0001 |
| South SSA | 8 | 4.2 [2.6–6.7] | 99.6 | <0.0001 |
| West SSA | 9 | 3.9 [2.4–6.1] | 98.2 | <0.0001 |
CI: confidence interval; CH: chronic hypertension; SSA: Sub-Saharan Africa; GH: gestational hypertension.