Table 2.
Association of CAVI measurements wit incident CKD events and with rapid eGFR decline (n = 24,297)
| The highest vs. lower quartiles of CAVI measurements | Per 1 SD higher CAVI measurement | ||
|---|---|---|---|
| 1st–3rd quartiles (n = 17,585) | 4th quartile (n = 6,712) | ||
| CAVI range, units | <8.1 | ≥8.1 | +0.99 unit |
| Incident CKD events | |||
| Events/incidence rate (95% CI) | 838/15.02 (14.04, 16.06) | 597/31.94 (29.51, 34.56) | |
| Hazard ratio (95% confidence interval) | |||
| Model 1 | 1 (ref) | 1.34 (1.16, 1.54) | 1.19 (1.10, 1.29) |
| Model 2 | 1 (ref) | 1.28 (1.11, 1.48) | 1.15 (1.06, 1.25) |
| Rapid eGFR decline | |||
| Events/prevalence rate (95% CI) | 2,203/12.53 (12.05, 13.03) | 824/12.28 (11.51, 13.08) | |
| Odds ratio (95% confidence interval) | |||
| Model 1 | 1 (ref) | 1.25 (1.11, 1.40) | 1.22 (1.14, 1.30) |
| Model 2 | 1 (ref) | 1.25 (1.11, 1.41) | 1.23 (1.16, 1.32) |
The incidence rate is per 1,000 person-years. Adjusted HRs (95% CIs) for incident CKD events for the highest vs. lower quartiles of CAVI measurements and for 1-SD higher CAVI measurements are shown in the upper part of the table. The lower part of the table shows adjusted odds ratios (95% CIs) for rapid eGFR decline (−3 ml/min/1.73 m2 per year) for the highest vs. lower quartiles of CAVI measurements and for a 1-SD increase in CAVI. Model 1 includes adjustment for age, sex, body mass index, smoking status, total cholesterol, HDL cholesterol, eGFR, prevalent diabetes, and prevalent CVD. Model 2 includes the variables in Model 1, mean arterial pressure, and prevalent hypertension. eGFR is included only in the model for analyses reported in the lower part of the table. Abbreviations: CAVI, cardio-ankle vascular index; CI, confidence interval; CKD, chronic kidney disease; CVD, cardiovascular disease; eGFR, estimated glomerular filtration rate; HDL, high-density lipoprotein; HR, hazard ratio.