Table 5.

Patient and Caregiver Cost of Illness Due to Blood Culture-confirmed Typhoid Fever: Direct Medical, Direct Nonmedical, Indirect, and Total Costs, Dhaka, Bangladesh, September 2016—December 2018 (N = 1530)

	Patients who did not report any inpatient care expenses a				Patients who reported inpatient care expenses a				All patients
Cost type	n	Median	25th Pctl	75th Pctl	n	Median	25th Pctl	75th Pctl	n	Median	25th Pctl	75th Pctl
Direct medical costs (2018 US $)
Total direct medical costs	1084	39.60	25.29	66.08	416	194.68	143.76	281.07	1500	56.90	30.35	142.39
Registration	1041	1.20	0.72	2.53	394	11.02	3.71	29.59	1435	1.44	0.72	5.06
Clinical examination	83	5.06	3.79	7.59	50	6.32	5.06	8.39	133	5.99	4.79	8.39
Inpatient stay	0	N/A	N/A	N/A	416	47.92	33.54	75.86	416	47.92	33.54	75.86
Laboratory tests	988	14.67	10.78	20.37	358	27.82	18.97	37.93	1346	16.77	11.86	25.29
Drugs and medications	1032	16.29	10.12	29.95	394	51.13	36.67	72.07	1426	22.76	11.98	43.55
Other servicesb	59	2.52	2.52	3.59	19	1.26	1.26	2.53	78	2.52	1.68	3.59
Direct nonmedical costs (2018 US $)
Total direct nonmedical costs	1035	3.23	2.16	5.99	411	53.91	39.20	70.44	1446	5.39	2.64	38.34
Transport	1029	3.16	2.16	5.69	392	13.23	7.19	22.76	1421	4.43	2.40	9.58
Food, lodging, childcare	169	5.06	2.53	29.95	392	38.43	29.95	50.58	561	35.94	17.97	48.05
Indirect costs—Patient
Days spent seeking care	1055	0.21	0.17	0.38	416	7.00	6.00	9.00	1471	0.33	0.17	6.00
School days lost	514	27.00	17.00	34.00	182	34.00	24.00	44.00	696	29.00	18.00	36.00
Indirect costs—Caregiver
Days spent accompanying the patient seeking care	1058	0.34	0.21	1.08	409	10.00	7.03	14.01	1467	1.00	0.25	7.04
Days unable to work	50	3.00	2.00	5.00	62	4.00	3.00	7.00	112	4.00	2.00	6.00
Days of sick leave	33	3.00	1.00	4.00	27	3.00	2.33	5.00	60	3.00	2.00	4.00
Total productivity loss (2018 US $)	83	19.22	12.58	26.55	85	25.16	17.60	39.83	168	21.96	13.28	37.74
Cost of illness (2018 US $)
Total cost of illness per case	1084	44.69	27.82	75.17	416	260.90	183.14	351.12	1500	64.69	33.66	177.02

Abbreviations: N/A, not applicable because it excludes inpatient care; 25th Pctl, 25^th percentile; 75th Pctl, 75^th percentile.

^aInpatient care expenses: expenses on inpatient care regardless of patient recruitment location (outpatient care, inpatient care, hospital laboratory, surgery, laboratory network).

^bOther services that patients did not report in the above categories (eg, medical materials or equipment for surgery).