FIGURE 3.

The dramatic presentation of the kidney functions regulated by H₂S. H₂S stimulates NO-cGMP pathway resulting in an inhibition of RAAS and subsequent reduction in BP. The activation of NO-cGMP can also increase the expressions of AQP-2, thereby improving urine concentration and water balance. Besides, H₂S induces the inhibition of Na⁺/K⁺/2Cl^- and Na⁺/K⁺/atpase channels, thence reducing Na⁺ reabsorption and consequently decreasing the BP. H₂S also reduces Hcy levels resulting in an increase in GFR, suppression of Na⁺, and finally decline in BP. H₂S, hydrogen sulfide; Hcy, homocysteine; Na⁺, sodium; NO, nitric oxide; cGMP, cyclic guanosine monophosphate; GFR, glomerular filtrate rate; BP, blood pressure; AQP-2, aquaporin-2; RAAS, renin-angiotensin-aldosterone system.