Table 1.
Summary of the impact of nanotopographical features on YAP translocation and stem differentiation*
| Cell type | Topography | Diameter | Height | Pitch | Material | Culture condition | Effect on differentiation | Yap translocation | ref |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| hMSCs** | Rough surface | 200nm | Not mentioned | Not mentioned | glass | conditioned osteogenic media, Day 3 on topography | Enhancement of hMSC Osteogenesis | (TAZ) Cytosol to nucleus | [103] |
| iPSC*** | Nanopillar,nanograting | 500nm | 560nm | 500nm-1μm | PDMS | neurogenic media, Day 6 in culture | Promote neuronal differentiation | Nucleus to cytosol | [104] |
| MSC | Nanorod | 200nm | 1.8-2.5μm | dense | bulk metallic glass | Media with adipogenic and osteogenic factors mix, 24 h on nanorod | Promote adipogenesis | Nucleus to cytosol | [105] |
| HUVEC**** and hMSC | Nanoneedle | 50nm-700nm at the tip | 3-4μm | Around 2μm | silicon | Basal media with no induction factor, 6h/24h post seeding | Promote adipogenesis in adipogenic media. Not 700nm but 50nm nanoneedles inhibit osteogenesis in osteogenic media. No effect in basal media. | Nucleus to cytosol | [106, 107] |
*
Studies of Tissue/Embryo differentiation is not included
**
hMSC: human mesenchymal stem cell
***
iPSC: Induced pluripotent stem cells
****
HUVEC: Human umbilical vein endothelial cells