Table IV.
Literature Review of Reports on Surgical Treatment of Spinal Fractures in Ankylosed Disorders
| Study | n | Mean age (years) | Mean follow-up (month) | Diagnosis | Fracture level | Type of surgery | Number of instrumentation level (mean) | Operative time (min) | Blood loss (ml) | Post-operative LOS (days) | Complication | Union (%) |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Sapkas et al (2009) | 20 | 56.0* | 60.0 | AS | C, T, L | Open (PF +/- AF) | 4.0 | N/A | N/A | N/A | Screw loosening – 2; Infection – 1 | 100 |
| Lu et al (2013) | 22 | 54.2 | 24.0 | AS | T, L | Open (PF +/- AF) | N/A | N/A | N/A | N/A | RI – 2; Empyema – 1; Infection – 1 | 100 |
| Matthews et al (2013) | 6 | 63.0 | 30.0 | AS | C, T, L | Open (PF +/- AF) | N/A | N/A | N/A | N/A | Multiple | 100 |
| Kruger et al (2014) | 10 | 81.5 | 7.9 | AS & DISH | T, L | MISt | 3.6 | 60.2 (32 – 135) | N/A | 16.6 (8 22) | ROI – 1; Budd Chiari (death) – 1; RI – 2; MI – 2 | N/A |
| Yeoh et al (2014) | 10 | 68.0 | 22.0 | AS & DISH | N/A | MISt | 5.9 | N/A | N/A | 24.0 | HAP – 1 | N/A |
| Nayak et al (2015) | 11 | 77.0 | 28.0 | AS & DISH | T | MISt | 7 | 227.0 (79 - 449) | 251 (25 - 900) | 14.4 (4 - 60) | Infection - 4 | 100 |
| Moussallem et al (2016) | 41 | 75.6 | 18.0 | AS & DISH | T, L | MISt (n=25) & Open (n=16) | N/A | 254.8 (MISt) 334.7 (Open) | 166.8 (MISt) 1240.4 (Open) | 9.6 (MISt) 16.7 (Open) | Paraplegia – 2; Revision – 4 | N/A |
| Bredin et al (2017) | 31 | 75.1 | 35.6 | AS | T, L | MISt | 5.2 | N/A | N/A | 5.96 | Nil | 100 |
| Lindtner et al (2017) | 20 | 74.7 | 29.2 | AS | T, L | MISt (n=6) Open (n=14) | N/A | N/A | N/A | N/A | Multiple | N/A |
| Okada et al (2019) | 41 | 77.0 | N/A | DISH | N/A | MISt (n=16) & Open (n=25) | 5.1 (MISt) 4.9 (Open) | 168.1 (MISt) 224.6 (Open) | 133.9 (MISt) 499.9 (Open) | N/A | Multiple | 100 |
| Current study | 21 | 69.2 | 35.3 | AS & DISH | C, T, L | MISt (n=14) & Open (n=7) | 7.9 | 179.3 (MISt) 253.6 (Open) | 185.7 (MISt) 885.7 (Open) | 21.2 (MISt) 42.0 (Open) | PUD – 1; HAP (death) – 1; MI – 1; EH – 1 | 95.0 |
*median
Abbreviations: n = sample size; LOS = length of stay; AS = ankylosing spondylitis; DISH = diffuse idiopathic skeletal hyperostosis; MISt = minimally invasive stabilisation; C = Cervical; T = Thoracic; L = Lumbar; PF = Posterior spinal fixation; AF = Anterior spinal fixation; N/A = not available; RI = respiratory insufficiency; ROI = removal of implant; MI = myocardial infarction; PUD = peptic ulcer disease; HAP = hospital acquired pneumonia; EH = epidural hematoma