TABLE 4.

Risk of inadequate and excess intake of iron, folate and vitamin B₁₂ before and after inclusion of fortified staple foods and IFA supplements

Source of intake	Iron		Dietary folate equivalent		Vitamin B12 a
	Risk of inadequate intake	Risk of excess intake	Risk of inadequate intake	Risk of excess intake	Risk of inadequate intake
Habitual diet	82	0	96	0	93
Habitual diet + DFS	13	1	96	0	93
Habitual diet + FR‐mFL	11	1	91	0	92
Habitual diet + FR‐MFL	3	2	81	0	91
Habitual diet + IFA	7	0	62	0	93
Habitual diet + DFS + FR‐mFL	1	6	91	0	92
Habitual diet + DFS + FR‐MFL	0	16	81	0	91
Habitual diet + DFS + IFA	0	4	62	0	93
Habitual diet + FR‐mFL + IFA	0	2	37	0	92
Habitual diet + FR‐MFL + IFA	0	8	25	0	91
Habitual diet + DFS + FR‐mFL + IFA	0	22	37	0	92
Habitual diet + DFS + FR‐MFL + IFA	0	40	25	0	91

Note: Values are percentages.

Abbreviations: ^†DFS, double fortified salt, that is, iodized salt fortified with iron at 1 mg g⁻¹; ^†FR, rice fortified with iron, folic acid and vitamin B₁₂; ^†mFL, minimum fortification level (iron—28 mg kg⁻¹; folic acid—75 μg kg⁻¹; vitamin B₁₂—0.75 μg kg⁻¹); ^†MFL, maximum fortification level (iron—42.5 mg kg⁻¹; folic acid—125 μg kg⁻¹; vitamin B₁₂—1.25 μg kg⁻¹); ^†Source: FSSAI, 2018

^‡IFA, iron folic acid supplements (6‐ to 9‐year‐old children, 6.4‐mg iron and 57.1‐μg folic acid per day; 10‐ to 19‐year‐old adolescents, 8.6‐mg iron and 71.4‐μg folic acid per day); ^‡Source: MoHFW‐GoI, 2018.

^aRisk of excess intake is not determinable as there is no established tolerable upper limit for vitamin B₁₂.