Figure 7.

The possible mechanism of YNJ-medicated serum on the regulation of autophagy in INS-1 cells. 1: treatment of INS-1 cells cultured under HG/HF conditions with YNJ-medicated serum. 2: there were some damaged organelles and proteins in INS-1 cells. 3: damaged organelles or proteins binding to p62. 4: p62 binding to LC3/GABARAP with the involvement of ATG3 \ATG7. 5: LC3 binding to PE to form LC3-II;. 6: LC3-II; and ATG2-WIPI2 were localized in PAS. 7: with the extension of the membrane, autophagosomes were formed. 8: autophagosomes fused with lysosomes to form autolysosomes where the sequestered contents were degraded. 9: After the clearance of damaged substances, INS-1 cells were protected from HG/HF-induced apoptosis by YNJ-medicated serum.