Table 2.
Baseline characteristics per treatment group.
| Tapentadol (n = 20) | Placebo (n = 20) | |
|---|---|---|
| Men/women (n) | 16/4 | 11/9 |
| Age (y)—mean (SD) | 64.9 (12.5) | 60.8 (9.7) |
| Weight (kg)—mean (SD) | 88.3 (19.8) | 84.3 (14.0) |
| Height (cm)—mean (SD) | 175.3 (8.0) | 175.5 (10.8) |
| Disease duration (y)—mean (SD) | 22.4 (20.0) | 15.3 (13.8) |
| PainDetect | ||
| Pain score (mm)—mean (SD) | 67.0 (12.2) | 62.5 (10.7) |
| Neuropathic symptom score—mean (SD) | 10.3 (5.9) | 12.0 (5.7) |
| Score 13–18 (n, %) | 3 (15.0) | 4 (20) |
| Score 19–38 (n, %) | 2 (10.0) | 3 (15) |
| NPSI overall—mean (SD) | 0.3 (0.2) | 0.2 (0.2 |
| Burning pain | 0.3 (0.3) | 0.2 (0.2) |
| Deep pressing pain | 0.3 (0.2) | 0.2 (0.2) |
| Paroxysmal pain | 0.4 (0.3) | 0.3 (0.2) |
| Evoked pain | 0.2 (0.2) | 0.2 (0.2) |
| Paresthesia/dysesthesia | 0.3 (0.3) | 0.2 (0.2) |
| RMDQ—mean (SD) | 11.9 (4.0) | 10.9 (5.1) |
| Heat temperature arm (°C)—mean (SD) | 46.9 (1.6) | 46.8 (1.3) |
| Heat temperature lower back (°C)—mean (SD) | 45.7 (3.0) | 46.0 (2.1) |
| Heat pain lower arm (VAS (mm)—mean (SD) | 60.2 (9.4) | 55.8 (8.3) |
| Heat pain lumbar spine (VAS (mm)—mean (SD) | 58.5 (9.4) | 55.9 (11.8) |
| Cold temperature (°C)—mean (SD) | 6.5 (4.1) | 6.7 (3.8) |
| Cold pain (VAS [mm]—mean (SD) | 28.1 (20.9) | 24.2 (17.2) |
| CPM% lower arm—mean (SD) | −14.6 (21.6) | −10.9 (11.4) |
| CPM% lumbar spine—mean (SD) | −0.06 (19.8) | −5.3 (20.1) |
| OA lower arm (eVASc)—mean (SD) | 78.9 (32.9) | 95.6 (15.9) |
| OA lumbar spine (eVASc)—mean (SD) | 64.0 (40.9) | 80.9 (26.6) |
| TS lower arm—mean (SD) | 0.6 (0.5) | 0.2 (0.4) |
| TS lumbar spine—mean (SD) | 1.6 (0.4) | 0.7 (0.4) |
CPM, conditioned pain modulation; eVASc, electronic visual analogue scale corrected; NPSI, Neuropathic Pain Symptom Inventory; OA, offset analgesia; RMDQ, Roland–Morris Disability Questionnaire; TS, temporal summation; VAS, visual analogue scale.