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. 2020 Dec 8;11:567342. doi: 10.3389/fimmu.2020.567342

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Copyright © 2020 Garman, Pelikan, Rasmussen, Lareau, Savoy, Deshmukh, Bagavant, Levin, Daouk, Drake and Montgomery

This is an open-access article distributed under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution License (CC BY). The use, distribution or reproduction in other forums is permitted, provided the original author(s) and the copyright owner(s) are credited and that the original publication in this journal is cited, in accordance with accepted academic practice. No use, distribution or reproduction is permitted which does not comply with these terms.

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Sarcoidosis CD14 monocytes demonstrate enriched pathways similar to both infectious and autoimmune disease. Genes differentially expressed in sarcoidosis CD14 monocytes (red arrow) compared to those from controls were compared to publicly available experimental data from human diseases via the Analysis Match function of IPA. Included datasets are sarcoidosis (sarc), tuberculosis (TB), Crohn’s disease (CD), or systemic lupus erythematosus (SLE) data sets with the highest overall z score of similarity. Data sets were also limited to those from the HumanDisease data bank of either case-control or disease severity comparisons. Hierarchical clustering was performed utilizing the Morpheus tool (Broad Institute; https://software.broadinstitute.org/morpheus/) with the following parameters: one minus Pearson correlation, single linkage method, clustering of columns. K-means clustering was performed 20 times for each number of clustering and representatives of most common clusters are shown. Clustering was performed on all data; here, rows are limited to diseases and functions. From left to right, the following data sets are included: Case-control analysis (CC) of lung tissue in sarcoidosis, GSE16538.GPL570.test1; CC analysis of CD14 monocytes from this study of sarcoidosis, GSE132338; CC of peripheral blood in CD, GSE3365.GPL96.test1; CC of lacrimal gland in sarcoidosis, GSE105149.GPL570.test3; CC of lacrimal gland in sarcoidosis, GSE105149.GPL570.test7; CC of peripheral blood in SLE, GSE22098.GPL6947.test1; analysis of lung tissue from progressive, fibrotic (P-F) sarcoidosis vs. nodular, self-limiting (N-SL) sarcoidosis, GSE19976.GPL6244.test1; CC of peripheral blood in SLE, GSE50635.GPL6244.test2; CC of peripheral blood in TB, GSE19439.GPL6947.test2; analysis of peripheral blood of active vs. latent TB cases, GSE19439.GPL6947.test3; analysis of peripheral blood of active vs. latent TB cases, GSE19444.GPL6947.test3; CC of peripheral blood in TB, GSE19444.GPL6947.test2; CC of peripheral blood in SLE, GSE49454.GPL10558.test1; CC of peripheral blood in CD, GSE83381.GPL11154.DESeq2.test4; analysis of peripheral blood of active vs. latent TB cases, GSE28623.GPL4133.test3; CC of monocytes in CDGSE86434.GPL10558.test7; CC of peripheral blood in CD, GSE86434.GPL10558.test10.