Table 1.
Demographic and clinical information about the iNPH and REF cohorts
| iNPH | REF | Test statistic | P-value | |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| N | 34 | 17 | ||
| Sex (F/M) | 10/24 | 13/4 | χ 2(1) = 10.136 | =0.001 |
| Age (years) | 70.5 ± 6.8 | 48.8 ± 10.8 | t(49) = 11.749 | <0.001 |
| BMI (kg/m2) | 27.2 ± 4.3 | 28.0 ± 4.8 | t(49) = 0.602 | 0.53 |
| Symptoms reported by patient and/or family | ||||
| Gait disturbance | 34 (100%) | 0 | χ 2(1) = 51.000 | <0.001 |
| Urinary incontinence | 24 (71%) | 0 | χ 2(1) = 22.667 | <0.001 |
| Cognitive impairment | 31 (91%) | 5 (29%) | χ 2(1) = 20.825 | <0.001 |
| Headache | 3 (9%) | 15 (88%) | χ 2(1) = 31.296 | <0.001 |
| Dizziness | 8 (24%) | 5 (29%) | χ 2(1) = 0.207 | 0.650 |
| Lethargy | 4 (12%) | 6 (35%) | χ 2(1) = 3.981 | =0.045 |
| Duration of symptoms (years) | 3.2 ± 2.7 | 3.7 ± 1.9 | t(49) = 0.682 | 0.498 |
| Pre-shunt NPH-score | 12 (8–13) | 15 (14–15) | t(49) = 10.439 | <0.001 |
| Tests of cognitive function | ||||
| Mini-mental state (MMS) | 28 (14–30) | |||
| Montreal Cognitive Assessment (MoCA) | 21 (17–29) | |||
| Overnight MWA | ||||
| N | 33 | 5 | ||
| Number of 6-s time windows | 5155 ± 2288 | 4584 ± 2582 | t(36) = 0.512 | 0.612 |
| MWA, average | 5.9 ± 1.8 | 3.0 ± 0.7 | t(36) = 3.528 | =0.002 |
| MWA, % >5 mmHg | 55.4 ± 31.2 | 4.2 ± 5.0 | t(36) = 3.621 | =0.001 |
| Surgical responders | 34 (100%) | |||
| Post-shunt NPH-score | 14 (11–15) |
Categorical data presented as numbers; continuous data presented as mean ± standard deviation or (minimum − maximum), NPH-scores, MMS and MoCA presented as median (ranges in parentheses). Significant differences between groups were determined by Pearson χ2 test for categorical data and by independent samples t-test for continuous data.
iNPH = idiopathic normal pressure hydrocephalus; MWA = mean ICP wave amplitude; REF = reference patients.