Table 9.

Traditional value of Gini coefficient of high, low, and middle calculated by the author using Eq. (31).

Year	Gini coefficient	Gini bound low	Gini bound middle	Gini bound high
1997	0.402	0.382	0.434	0.476
1998	0.396	0.344	0.456	0.483
1999	0.400	0.319	0.443	0.497
2000	0.399	0.308	0.468	0.488
2001	0.398	0.347	0.449	0.519
2002	0.419	0.411	0.472	0.524
2003	0.415	0.365	0.481	0.517
2004	0.399	0.348	0.476	0.501
2005	0.402	0.378	0.48	0.505
2006	0.400	0.385	0.448	0.541
2007	0.404	0.389	0.493	0.53
2008	0.385	0.321	0.464	0.468
2009	0.393	0.351	0.462	0.541
2010	0.381	0.368	0.497	0.517
2011	0.375	0.334	0.49	0.499
2012	0.383	0.341	0.491	0.507
2013	0.395	0.321	0.498	0.508
2014	0.399	0.374	0.475	0.499
2015	0.398	0.391	0.478	0.491
2016	0.404	0.343	0.486	0.521
2017	0.400	0.365	0.481	0.51

Note: Comparing traditional value of Gini coefficient with the high, low, and middle width of the Gini coefficient.