TABLE 1.
Study characteristics
| Study | Country | Design | Measures | Participant age | Sample size | Restriction setting | Type of play | |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| (1) | Brodsky (1989) a | Israel | Qualitative | NA | 4–10 years | 4 | Hospital | Music |
| (2) | Hollenbeck et al. (1980) | USA | Quantitative | Observation | 18 months to 4 years | 4 | Hospital | Undefined |
| (3) | Kronick, Rousseau, and Cleveland (2015) a | Canada | Qualitative | Ethnographic observation, interviews | 6–18 years | 20 families | Immigration detention | Undefined |
| (4) | Kronick, Rousseau, and Cleveland (2018) | Canada | Qualitative | Interviews and observations | 3–13 years | 10 | Immigration detention | Sand play |
| (5) | Kuntz et al. (1996) a | USA | Qualitative | Case studies | 0–7 years | 2 | Hospital | Toy play |
| (6) | Lambert, Coad, Hicks, and Glacken (2014) | Ireland | Qualitative | Semi‐structured interviews and art activities | 5–8 years | 55 | Hospital | Art, discussion |
| (7) | Linn, Beardslee, and Patenaude (1996) | USA | Qualitative | Puppet play | 4–6 years | 1 | Hospital | Puppet play |
| (8) | Mares, Newman, Dudley, and Gale (2002) | Australia | Qualitative | NA | 5 months to 21 years | 2 families | Immigration detention | Undefined |
| (9) | Pytash (2013) | USA | Qualitative | Case study, observations and interviews | 17 years | 1 | Juvenile detention | Reading, writing |
| (10) | Robb (2000) | USA | Quantitative | Observation, Affective Face Scale | 4–11 years | 10 | Hospital | Music, varied |
| (11) | Shea and Siu (2016) | USA | Mixed methods | Study‐specific survey, observation, analysis of worksheet/craft | 14–18 years | 295 | Juvenile detention | Varied |
| (12) | Susman et al. (1981) | USA | Quantitative | Observation | 18 months to 21 years | 23 | Hospital | Varied |
| (13) | Venable (2005) | USA | Qualitative | Exit survey | 16 years (mean age) | Not specified | Juvenile detention | Art |
| (14) | Veronese, Cavazzoni, and Antenucci (2018) | Occupied Palestinian Territories | Qualitative | Thematic analysis of children's art/writing | 6–15 years | 122 | Refugee camps | Art, writing |
| (15) | Winn (2012) | USA | Qualitative | Thematic analysis of adolescent girls' writing | 14–17 years | Not specified | Juvenile detention | Writing |
Note. All studies met inclusion criteria for involving children ≤18 years, though in two studies (2 and 12), the maximum age of participants was 21 years.
a
Indicates article found via handsearching.