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. 2020 Nov 26;43(1):120–131. doi: 10.1002/aepp.13128

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© 2020 Agricultural & Applied Economics Association

This article is being made freely available through PubMed Central as part of the COVID-19 public health emergency response. It can be used for unrestricted research re-use and analysis in any form or by any means with acknowledgement of the original source, for the duration of the public health emergency.

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Area chart shows US gross farm cash income between 1985 and 2020. It shows that approximately $37 billion in direct payments to producers (including both Farm Bill and COVID‐19 programs) are forecast to make up roughly 9% of gross cash farm income or 36% of net farm income. Included variables are crop cash receipts, other farm income, direct government payments, animal products cash receipts and crop insurance indemnities. Data: USDA‐Economic Research Service (2020). Note: Prior to 2008, federal crop insurance indemnities were grouped with other farm income. The direct government payment forecast for 2020 includes $16 billion for the CFAP 1 and $5.8 billion for the Small Business Administration's forgivable Paycheck Protection Program loans. [Color figure can be viewed at wileyonlinelibrary.com]