Table 1.
Macroeconomic indicators
| Relative GDP per capita | Unemployment rate | |||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Average | Average | 2020 (e) | Average | Average | 2020 (e) | |
| 2000–2008 | 2012–2019 | 2000–2008 | 2012–2019 | |||
| France | 97 | 89 | 83 | 8.22 | 9.39 | 10.1 |
| Germany | 100 | 100 | 100 | 9.24 | 4.34 | 4.0 |
| Italy | 89 | 74 | 68 | 8.13 | 11.38 | 11.8 |
| Netherlands | 118 | 111 | 113 | 3.90 | 5.69 | 5.9 |
| Spain | 72 | 63 | 61 | 10.63 | 20.46 | 18.9 |
| General government balance | Debt to GDP ratio | |||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Average | Average | 2020 (e) | Average | Average | 2020 (e) | |
| 2000–2008 | 2012–2019 | 2000–2008 | 2012–2019 | |||
| France | −2.80 | −3.55 | −9.9 | 63.68 | 95.88 | 116.5 |
| Germany | −2.26 | 0.90 | −7.0 | 63.17 | 70.48 | 75.6 |
| Italy | −2.98 | −2.50 | −11.1 | 106.48 | 133.53 | 158.9 |
| Netherlands | −0.72 | −0.83 | −6.3 | 49.26 | 60.76 | 62.1 |
| Spain | −0.21 | −5.18 | −10.1 | 45.90 | 96.63 | 115.6 |
Source: Eurostat and European Commission. Notes: GDP per capita normalized to German level. Estimated forecasts (e) from the European Commission.
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