| Testis | Epididymis | Poor semen quality | Hormones | |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| Direct effects | Structural degenerations orchitis pain autophagy regulation | Orchitis | Virus (+) in semen | Breakdown of HPGa |
| Indirect effects | Increase of testicular temperature | – | Prostate fluid pushing during ejaculation stress hypogonadism breakdown of HPGa | – |
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