TABLE 1.

Policy recommendations for health, economics, transportation, and education for different COVID‐19 LISA clusters in Italy

Zone	Strategies	Policy recommendation
Hot spots	Emergency response	• door to door mass testing; • strictly separate management of COVID and non‐COVID patients in hospitals; • partial lockdown and social distancing; • special health policies for frontline workers; • severe restriction in tourism; • online education; • subsides on local business.
Insignficant areas	Response and recovery	• social distancing; • avoidance of mass gathering in social events; • guidelines on health management and transportations. • planning peculiar strategies for economic and financial sustainability; • blended strategies for teaching (classrooms/remote).
Cold spots	Protection	• investments on intensive care units; • attention to inter‐province or inter‐regional transport; • restrictions to north–south connections or international migration; • emphasis on local businesses; • support remote teaching and IT facilities for schools and higher education.