TABLE 1.
Equality of proportions tests for gender disparities in Coronavirus effects
| Female % | Male % | Z‐Score | p ≤ | |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| Workplace effects (H1) | ||||
| Laid off or furloughed | 29.6% | 21.7% | 4.23 | 0.001 |
| Loss of work income | 44.4% | 38.3% | 2.90 | 0.004 |
| Unemployment filing (for eligible) | 62.7% | 45.9% | 3.29 | 0.001 |
| Designated essential worker | 33.9% | 39.1% | −2.19 | 0.029 |
| Daily life effects (H2) | ||||
| Disruption | 80.5% | 72.6% | 4.37 | 0.001 |
| Loss of support services | 34.0% | 22.0% | 6.25 | 0.001 |
| Difficulty obtaining food | 42.0% | 28.9% | 6.40 | 0.001 |
| Inability to pay regular bill | 29.6% | 20.1% | 5.14 | 0.001 |
| Substantial retirement account loss | 34.0% | 41.5% | −3.62 | 0.001 |
| Increased childcare responsibilities | 20.2% | 16.5% | 2.24 | 0.025 |
| Mental load effects (H3) | ||||
| Stress | 67.8% | 50.2% | 8.38 | 0.001 |
| Prepared to deal with infection | 73.5% | 78.1% | −2.51 | 0.012 |
| Worry‐self catch | 49.5% | 38.9% | 4.94 | 0.001 |
| Worry‐self illness | 50.2% | 39.1% | 5.17 | 0.001 |
| Worry‐self death | 41.3% | 30.6% | 5.16 | 0.001 |
| Worry‐self testing | 39.7% | 34.3% | 2.59 | 0.010 |
| Worry other catch | 75.1% | 64.2% | 5.55 | 0.001 |
| Worry other illness | 75.0% | 64.0% | 5.57 | 0.001 |
| Worry other death | 72.7% | 58.8% | 6.86 | 0.001 |
| Worry other testing | 56.7% | 44.6% | 5.66 | 0.001 |
| Worry health care services | 45.1% | 36.3% | 4.19 | 0.001 |
| Worry health care testing | 48.6% | 41.5% | 3.33 | 0.001 |
| Worry health care ventilators | 49.8% | 38.5% | 5.32 | 0.001 |
| Worry health care ICU beds | 49.5% | 37.8% | 5.51 | 0.001 |
| Worry health care prioritization | 48.0% | 36.0% | 5.68 | 0.001 |
| Worry small businesses | 78.4% | 71.1% | 3.94 | 0.001 |
| Worry economic depression | 82.1% | 74.1% | 4.53 | 0.001 |
Note: Depending on the underlying variable, the percentage represents: (1) individuals to whom the event has already happened or to whom the event is expected to happen or (2) respondents indicating a moderate or high degree of the characteristic. The percentages are based on the raked weights. All tests are two tailed. The calculation of Z‐scores is also based on values after applying the raked weights.