Table 1.

List of antibodies and protein used in this study

Antibody/protein	Catalog number	Vendor	City and Country
AMPKα Antibody	2532L	Cell Signaling Technology	Danvers, USA
Phospho‐AMPKα(Thr172) (D4D6D) Rabbit mAb	#50081	Cell Signaling Technology	Danvers, USA
Smad1 (D59D7) XP® Rabbit mAb	6944S	Cell Signaling Technology	Danvers, USA
Phospho‐Smad1/5 (Ser463/465) (41D10) Rabbit mAb	9516S	Cell Signaling Technology	Danvers, USA
ACTR‐I Antibody (C‐5)	sc‐374523	Santa Cruz Biotechnology	Dallas, USA
Smurf1 Antibody (45‐K)	sc‐100616	Santa Cruz Biotechnology	Dallas, USA
Anti‐beta Actin antibody	ab8227	Abcam	Cambridge, USA
Anti‐SMAD6 antibody	ab214009	Abcam	Cambridge, USA
Recombinant mouse BMP6 protein	6325‐BM/CF	R&D System	Minneapolis, USA