TABLE 3.
Baseline characteristics
| Study (median follow‐up) | Arms | Age, years | Female | BMI, kg/m2 | HbA1c, % | eGFR, mL/min/1.73m2 | Duration of diabetes, years | Prior MI | Prior stroke | CV risk factors | Established CVD |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| ELIXA (2.1 years) 9 | LIXI (N = 3034) | 59.9 ± 9.7 | 923 (30) | 30.1 ± 5.6 | 7.7 ± 1.3 | 76.7 ± 21.3 | 9.2 ± 8.2 | 672 (22) a | 143 (5) | ND | 3034 (100) |
| PL (N = 3034) | 60.6 ± 9.6 | 938 (31) | 30.2 ± 5.8 | 7.6 ± 1.3 | 75.2 ± 21.4 | 9.4 ± 8.3 | 672 (22) a | 188 (6) | ND | 3034 (100) | |
| LEADER (3.8 years) 10 | LIRA (N = 4668) | 64.2 ± 7.2 | 1657 (35) | 32.5 ± 6.3 | 8.7 ± 1.6 | ND | 12.8 ± 8.0 | 1464 (31) | 730 (16) b | 837 (18) | 3831 (82) |
| PL (N = 4672) | 64.4 ± 7.2 | 1680 (36) | 32.5 ± 6.3 | 8.7 ± 1.5 | ND | 12.9 ± 8.1 | 1400 (30) | 777 (17) b | 905 (19) | 3767 (81) | |
| SUSTAIN‐6 (2.1 years [mean]) 11 | SEMA 0.5 mg (N = 826) | 64.6 ± 7.3 | 331 (40) | 32.7 ± 6.3 | 8.7 ± 1.4 | ND | 14.3 ± 8.2 | 266 (32) | 117 (14) c | 295 (18) | 1353 (82) |
| SEMA 1.0 mg (N = 822) | 64.7 ± 7.1 | 304 (37) | 32.9 ± 6.2 | 8.7 ± 1.5 | ND | 14.1 ± 8.2 | 264 (32) | 113 (14) c | |||
| PL 0.5 mg (N = 824) | 64.8 ± 7.6 | 342 (42) | 32.9 ± 6.4 | 8.7 ± 1.5 | ND | 14.0 ± 8.5 | 267 (32) | 123 (15) c | 267 (16) | 1382 (84) | |
| PL 1.0 mg (N = 825) | 64.4 ± 7.5 | 318 (39) | 32.7 ± 6.0 | 8.7 ± 1.5 | ND | 13.2 ± 7.4 | 275 (33) | 138 (17) c | |||
| EXSCEL (3.2 years) 12 | EXE (N = 7356) | 62.0 (56.0, 68.0) | 2794 (38) | 31.8 (28.2, 36.2) | 8.0 (7.3, 8.9) | 76.6 (61.3, 92.0) | 12.0 (7.0, 17.0) | ND | ND | 1962 (27) d | 5394 (73) |
| PL (N = 7396) | 62.0 (56.0, 68.0) | 2809 (38) | 31.7 (28.2, 36.1) | 8.0 (7.3, 8.9) | 76.0 (61.0, 92.0) | 12.0 (7.0, 18.0) | ND | ND | 2008 (27) d | 5388 (73) | |
| Harmony (1.6 years) 13 | ALB (N = 4731) | 64.1 ± 8.7 | 1427 (30) | 32.3 ± 5.9 | 8.76 ± 1.5 | 79.1 ± 25.6 | 14.1 ± 8.6 | 2223 (47) | 827 (17) | 0 (0) | 4731 (100) |
| PL (N = 4732) | 64.2 ± 8.7 | 1467 (31) | 32.3 ± 5.9 | 8.72 ± 1.5 | 78.9 ± 25.4 | 14.2 ± 8.9 | 2236 (47) | 854 (18) | 0 (0) | 4732 (100) | |
| REWIND (5.4 years) 14 , 27 | DU 1.5 mg (N = 4949) | 66.2 ± 6.5 | 2306 (47) | 32.3 ± 5.7 | 7.3 ± 1.1 | 75.3 (61.6, 91.8) | 10.5 ± 7.3 | ND | ND | 3093 (62) | 1560 (32) |
| PL (N = 4952) | 66.2 ± 6.5 | 2283 (46) | 32.3 ± 5.8 | 7.4 ± 1.1 | 74.7 (61.2, 90.6) | 10.6 ± 7.2 | ND | ND | 3128 (63) | 1554 (31) | |
| PIONEER 6 (1.3 years) 15 | SEMA 14 mg e (N = 1591) | 66 ± 7 | 507 (32) | 32.3 ± 6.6 | 8.2 ± 1.6 | 74 ± 21 | 14.7 ± 8.5 | 561 (35) b | 242 (15) | 241 (15) | 1350 (85) |
| PL (N = 1592) | 66 ± 7 | 500 (31) | 32.3 ± 6.4 | 8.2 ± 1.6 | 74 ± 21 | 15.1 ± 8.5 | 589 (37) b | 263 (17) | 247 (16) | 1345 (84) |
Abbreviations: ACS, acute coronary syndrome; ALB, albiglutide; BMI, body mass index; CV, cardiovascular; DU, dulaglutide; eGFR, estimated glomerular filtration rate; EXE, exenatide; LIRA, liraglutide; LIXI, lixisenatide; MI, myocardial infarction; ND, no data (values not determined or explicitly provided); PL, placebo; SEMA, semaglutide.
a
Prior MI before index ACS.
b
Includes stroke or transient ischaemic attack.
c
Sum of haemorrhagic/ischaemic stroke.
d
Patients could have any level of CV risk as long as other inclusion criteria were met.
e
Oral semaglutide once‐daily 14 mg was target dose. Data are mean ± SD, n (%) or median (interquartile range), unless otherwise indicated.