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. 2020 Aug 17;48(8):1043–1056. doi: 10.1111/ceo.13834

TABLE 1.

Glossary of common terms used in this review

Abbreviations Full name Function
MAC Membrane‐associate complex An effector protein of the innate immune system that forms cytotoxic pores on the cell surface of pathogens
CFB/F/H Complement factor B/F/H Regulator proteins of the complement activation cascade
SERPING1 Serine peptidase inhibitor clade G member 1 The SERPING1 gene encodes the protein C1‐inhibitor, a protease inhibitor
HTRA1 HtrA serine peptidase 1 The HTRA1 gene encodes the protein serine protease, which cleaves peptide bonds
TNF Tumour necrosis factor A member of the group of cytokines that activates an acute phase reaction in systemic inflammation
RIPK Receptor interacting protein kinases Key sensors of intracellular/extracellular stress and regulators of cell death/survival, found in the necrosis cell death pathway
ROS Reactive oxidation species A byproduct of oxygen metabolism that plays a key role cell signalling and homeostasis
Bax Bcl‐2‐associated X protein Bax is a protein that heterodimerizes to function as an apoptotic activator
SOD2 Superoxide dismutase 2 SOD2 protects cells against cell death by clearing excess mitochondrial ROS
NLRP3 Nod‐like receptor family pyrin domain containing 3 A scaffolding protein that assists with the formation of inflammasome, found in pyroptosis
ATP Adenosine triphosphate ATP is the source of energy for many cellular processes and is generated in the mitochondria as a result of glycolysis, the citric acid cycle or the electron transport chain
NAPDH Nicotinamide adenine dinucleotide phosphate NAPDH is a cofactor of anabolic reactions and functions as the electron donor/reducing agent