Table 1.
Relevant clinical trials of NK-based immunotherapy for head and neck squamous cell carcinoma
| Agent | Target | Antibody type | Clinical trial | Type of trial | Condition | Treatment | Patient number | Notes | Reference |
| Monalizumab | NKG2A | Humanized IgG4 | NCT02643550 | Phase Ib/II | R/M-HNSCC±prior systemic therapy | Monalizumab with cetuximab±anti-PD(L)1 | 140 | 33 83 | |
| Ipilimumab | CLTA-4 | Fully human IgG1 | NCT01935921 | Phase Ib | LA-HNSCC | Cetuximab and IMRT with ipilimumab | 19 | ||
| Urelumab | CD137 (4-1BB) | Fully human IgG1 | NCT02110082 | Phase Ib | LA/R/M - HNSCC | Cetuximab with urelumab | 66 | Completed | 66 |
| IL-12 | N/A | N/A | NCT01468896 | Phase I/II | R/M-HNSCC | Cetuximab with IL-12 | 23 | Completed | 64 |
| Lenalidomide | N/A | N/A | NCT01254617P | hase I | Advanced solid tumors | Cetuximab with lenalidomide | 24 | Completed | 65 |
| Lirilumab | KIR2D | Fully human IgG4 | NCT03347123P | Phase I/II | Advanced solid tumors | Epacodostat with lirilumab with nivolumab | 11 | ||
| Lirilumab | KIR2D | Fully human IgG4 | NCT03341936 | Phase IIR | Recurrent HNSCC undergoing salvage surgery | Neoadjuvant lirilumab with nivolumab, followed by adjuvant lirilumab with nivolumab | 58 | ||
| Lirilumab | KIR2D | Fully human IgG4 | NCT01714739 | Phase I/II | Platinum-refractory R/M-HNSCC | Lirilumab with nivolumab | 337 | Completed | |
| AB154 | TIGIT | Humanized IgG1 | NCT03628677 | Phase I | Advanced solid tumors | AB154 with zimberelimab (αPD-1) | 66 | ||
| BMS-986207 | TIGIT | IgG1, FcγR null | NCT02913313 | Phase I/II | Advanced solid tumors | BMS-986207 with nivolumab | 170 | ||
| MBG453 | TIM-3 | Humanized IgG4 | NCT02608268 | Phase I-Ib/II | Advanced solid tumors | MBG453±PDR 001 (αPD-1) | 267 | ||
| BGB-A425 | TIM-3 | Humanized IgG1 | NCT03744468 | Phase I/II | Advanced solid tumors | BGB-A425±tislelizumab (αPD-1) | 162 | ||
| Relatlimab | LAG3 | Fully human IgG4 | NCT01968109 | Phase I/IIA | Advanced solid tumors | Relatlimab±nivolumab | 1500 | ||
| Sym022 | LAG3 | Fully human, Fc-inert | NCT03311412 | Phase I | Advanced solid tumors | Sym021 (αPD-1)±Sym 022 | 102 | ||
| FATE-NK100 | N/A | N/A | NCT03319459 | Phase I | Advanced solid tumors | FATE-NK100±cetuximab or trastuzumab | 100 | Ex vivo activated donor NK cells | |
| CIML NK cells | N/A | N/A | NCT04290546 | Phase I | Advanced head and neck cancer | CIML NK+IL-15±ipilimumab | 12 | Cytokine-induced memory-like NK cells | 114 |
IL-2, interleukin-2; LAG3, lymphocyte activating gene 3; NK, natural killer; R/M HNSCC, recurrent and/or metastatic head and neck squamous cell carcinoma; TIM-3, T cell immunoglobulin mucin-3.