Table 2.
ANCOVA with LSD correction for CCM and other measures of peripheral neuropathy in controls and in patients with diabetes with increasing severity of neuropathy
| Parameters | Control (n=30) | No neuropathy (n=51) | Mild neuropathy (n=47) | Moderate to severe neuropathy (n=45) | P value |
| VPT (V) | 7.1±1.80 | 12.2±1.24* | 15.05±1.2* | 25.56±1.35*†‡ | <0.0001 |
| CPT (°C) | 25.38±2.06 | 21.68±1.44 | 19.52±1.47* | 18.99±1.55* | 0.06 |
| WPT (°C) | 38.87±0.9 | 41.65±0.6* | 43.47±0.6*† | 43.62±0.7*† | <0.001 |
| SNCV (m/s) | 52.09±2.1 | 43.14±1.56* | 43.5±1.69* | 40.19±1.79* | <0.001 |
| CNFD (no./mm2) | 33.71±1.3 | 26.61±1.05* | 24.47±1.09* | 22.4±1.14*† | <0.0001 |
| CNBD (no./mm2) | 81.52±5.54 | 64.07±4.39* | 58.49±4.76* | 45.60±4.5*† | <0.0001 |
| CNFL (mm/mm2) | 25.07±1.27 | 23.31±0.96 | 20.84±1.004* | 19.27±1.04*† | 0.002 |
| IWL (mm/mm2) | 31.69±1.66 | 24.9±1.26* | 22.28±1.31* | 19.03±1.36*† | <0.0001 |
| ANFL (mm/mm2) | 28.38±1.3 | 24.1±0.98* | 21.56±1.02* | 19.15±1.06*† | <0.0001 |
Data presented as marginal mean±SEM.
*Significant difference compared with controls.
†Significant difference compared with no neuropathy.
‡Significant difference compared with mild neuropathy.
ANCOVA, analysis of covariance; ANFL, average nerve fiber length; CCM, corneal confocal microscopy; CNBD, corneal nerve branch density; CNFD, corneal nerve fiber density; CNFL, corneal nerve fiber length; CPT, cold perception threshold; IWL, inferior whorl length; LSD, least significant difference; SNCV, sural nerve conduction velocity; VPT, vibration perception threshold; WPT, warm perception threshold.