Table 1.
Clinical characteristics of COVID-19 patients.
| Total (n = 112) | Mild (n = 87) | Severe (n = 25) | P value | |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| Age, years | 54 (40.25–66) | 50 (38–64) | 65 (52–75.5) | < 0.001* |
| Male | 62 (55.36%) | 45 (51.72%) | 17 (68.00%) | 0.176 |
| Onset of symptoms to | ||||
| Hospital admission, days | 7 (2.25–13) | 9 (3–13) | 6 (1–8) | 0.064 |
| RNA confirmation, days | 7 (3–12) | 9 (3–14) | 5 (2–7.5) | 0.004* |
| Signs and symptoms | ||||
| Fever (temperature ≥ 37.3 °C) | 86 (76.79%) | 66 (75.86%) | 20 (80.00%) | 0.792 |
| Chest tightness | 17 (15.18%) | 11 (12.64%) | 6 (24.00%) | 0.205 |
| Night sweats | 2 (1.79%) | 1 (1.15%) | 1 (4.00%) | 0.398 |
| Shortness of breath | 22 (19.64%) | 15 (17.24%) | 7 (28.00%) | 0.259 |
| Chill | 11 (9.82%) | 5 (5.75%) | 6 (24.00%) | 0.015* |
| Fatigue | 37 (33.04%) | 24 (27.59%) | 13 (52.00%) | 0.030* |
| Dry cough | 61 (54.46%) | 50 (57.47%) | 11 (44.00%) | 0.261 |
| Vomiting | 3 (2.68%) | 2 (2.30%) | 1 (4.00%) | 0.535 |
| Anorexia | 17 (15.18%) | 10 (11.49%) | 7 (28.00%) | 0.058 |
| Palpitation | 8 (7.14%) | 3 (3.45%) | 5 (20.00%) | 0.013* |
| Myalgia | 3 (2.68%) | 1 (1.15%) | 2 (8.00%) | 0.125 |
| Dyspnoea | 15 (13.39%) | 11 (12.64%) | 4 (16.00%) | 0.740 |
| Expectoration | 16 (14.29%) | 13 (14.94%) | 3 (12.00%) | 1.000 |
| Pharyngalgia | 9 (8.04%) | 9 (10.34%) | 0 (0.00%) | 0.204 |
| Diarrhoea | 8 (7.14%) | 7 (8.05%) | 1 (4.00%) | 0.681 |
| Nausea | 7 (6.25%) | 6 (6.90%) | 1 (4.00%) | 1.000 |
| Dizziness | 5 (4.46%) | 2 (2.30%) | 3 (12.00%) | 0.073 |
| Headache | 3 (2.68%) | 1 (1.15%) | 2 (8.00%) | 0.125 |
| Serologic test on admission (normal range) | ||||
| C-reactive protein, mg/L (< 8.2) | 9.83 (2.03–47.71) | 6.27 (1.45–22.62) | 51.57 (23.99–113.50) | < 0.001* |
| d-Dimer, mg/L (< 0.05) | 0.87 (0.36–1.57) | 0.7 (0.31–1.46) | 1.09 (0.82–2.38) | 0.033* |
| Lactate dehydrogenase, U/L (318–618) | 232 (199–288) | 226.5 (190–258) | 306 (205–371) | 0.003* |
| White blood cell count, × 109/L (4–10) | 5.65 (4.67–7.42) | 5.48 (4.47–6.81) | 7.26 (5.01–9.66) | 0.016* |
| Lymphocyte count, × 109/L (0.8–4) | 1.27 (0.9–1.61) | 1.35 (1.09–1.71) | 0.93 (0.73–1.42) | 0.003* |
| Neutrophil count, × 109/L (2–7) | 3.8 (2.85–5.23) | 3.33 (2.75–4.83) | 5.72 (3.76–7.87) | < 0.001* |
| Antibodies against NP, S/CO | 443.09 (181.77–793.02) | 400.12 (172.95–732.51) | 548.26 (392.21–1031.98) | 0.044* |
| Peak viral load (Ct value) | 35.63 (30.87–37) | 36.39 (31.62–37) | 31.48 (24.03–36.64) | 0.002* |
| SARS-CoV-2 RNA persistence, days | 15 (9–27) | 17.5 (10–27) | 12 (7.5–32.5) | 0.455 |
Data are presented as median (interquartile range) and n (%); *P < 0.05 (Student’s t test, χ2 test, or Mann–Whitney U test); Ct, cycle threshold; NP, nucleocapsid protein; S/CO, signal-to-cutoff.