Table 1.
Baseline characteristics of subjects with FH in the Simon Broome register (n = 2988).
| Male n (%) 1418 (47.46) |
Female n (%) 1570 (52.54) |
p-valuea | ||
|---|---|---|---|---|
| Age at registration (years) | mean (SD) | 41.1 (15.0) | 46.1 (16.8) | <0.0001 |
| BMI at registration (Kg/m2) | mean (SD) | 25.17 (4.1) | 24.78 (5.2) | 0.0343 |
| Follow-up (years) | median (IQR) | 17.93 (11.17–23.98) | 18.15 (11.59–23.73) | 0.5993 |
| FH diagnosis type | n = 1418 | n = 1570 | ||
| Definite FH | n (%) | 770 (54.3) | 814 (51.9) | 0.179 |
| Possible FH | 648 (45.7) | 756 (48.1) | ||
| Age started on LLT (years) | mean (SD) | 37.5 (14.7) | 42.3 (17.0) | <0.0001 |
| Pre-treatment cholesterol (mmol/l) | mean (SD) | 9.4 (2.8) | 9.7 (2.0) | 0.0136 |
| Pre-treatment triglyceride (mmol/l) | median (IQR) | 1.8 (1.2–2.7) | 1.4 (1.0–2.2) | <0.0001 |
| Pre-treatment lipoprotein Lp(a) (mg/dl) | median (IQR) | 29 (10–63), n = 314 | 25 (11–70), n = 339 | 0.9927 |
| Alcohol consumption (units/week) | median (IQR) | 10 (1–20) | 2 (0–9) | 0.0001 |
| Cigarette smoke exposure | ||||
| Ever smoked cigarette (yes) | n (%) | 638 (45.0%, n = 1418) | 605 (38.6%, n = 1568) | 0.001 |
| Current cigarette smoker (yes) | 224 (16.0%, n = 1404) | 293 (18.8%, n = 1556) | 0.116 | |
| History of previous cardiovascular disease | ||||
| Angina | n (%) | 250 (17.8%, n = 1403) | 226 (14.5%, n = 1554) | 0.091 |
| Myocardial infarction | 187 (13.2%, n = 1418) | 99 (6.31%, n = 1570) | <0.0001 | |
| Coronary heart disease (yes) | 352 (24.8%, n = 1418) | 276 (17.6%, n = 1570) | <0.0001 | |
| Stroke (Yes) | 10 (0.7%, n = 1404) | 20 (1.3%, n = 1558) | 0.173 | |
| Transient ischaemic attack | 13 (1.3%, n = 1027) | 18 (1.5%, n = 1168) | 0.254 | |
| History of claudication | 38 (2.7%, n = 1402) | 49 (3.2, n = 1556) | 0.790 | |
| Previous revascularisation (Angioplasty/CABG) | 174 (17.0%, n = 1025) | 96 (8.3%, n = 1161) | <0.0001 | |
| Age at first MI (years) | median (IQR) | 43 (37–49) | 51 (44–58.5) | 0.0001 |
| History of hypertension | n (%) | 111 (10.9%, n = 1021) | 196 (16.9%, n = 1162) | <0.0001 |
| History of diabetes | n (%) | 20 (1.4%, n = 1418) | 19 (1.2%, n = 1570) | 0.718 |
| Use of other medications | ||||
| Beta-blockers | n (%) | 117 (11.4%, n = 1028) | 148 (12.7%, n = 1168) | 0.644 |
| Ace-inhibitors | 39 (6.6%, n = 587) | 54 (7.8%, n = 697) | 0.610 | |
| Anti-platelet medication | 257 (18.1%, n = 1418) | 234 (14.9%, n = 1570) | 0.010 | |
| Anticoagulant medication | 9 (1.5%, n = 587) | 10 (1.4%, n = 697) | 0.830 | |
| Other antihypertensive medications | 49 (4.8%, n = 1027) | 74 (6.3%, n = 1168) | 0.274 | |
| Type of FH mutation | n = 295 | n = 304 | ||
| LDL-receptor | n (%) | 178 (60.3%) | 193 (63.5%) | 0.416 |
| Apo-B | 10 (3.4%) | 13 (4.3%) | ||
| PCSK9 | 4 (1.4%) | 1 (0.3%) | ||
| None | 103 (34.9%) | 97 (31.9%) | ||
Tests of significance for categorical variables were derived using the Pearson's χ2 test.
a
Independent t-test was used for comparison between continuous variables with normal distribution, and Mann-Whitney U test for variables with non-normal distribution.