Table 1.
Characteristics of the trials included
| REDUCE FMR trial | TITAN trial | TITAN II trial | |||
| Treatment (n = 73) | Control (n = 47) |
Treatment (n = 36) |
Control (n = 17) |
Treatment (n = 36) |
|
| Gender (Male) (%) | 72.4 | 72.7 | 75 | 82 | 67 |
| Mean age (years) | 70.1 ± 9.7 | 69.1 ± 8.9 | 62.4 ± 12.7 | 62.6 ± 13.1 | 70.6 ± 8.5 |
| Ischemic aetiology (n, %) | 59 (67.8) | 21 (63.6) | 24 (66.7) | 10 (58.8) | 21 (58) |
| Diabetes (n, %) | 24 (27.6) | 12 (36.4) | 6 (16.7) | 5 (29.4) | 11 (31) |
| NYHA functional class (%) | |||||
| II | 44.8 | 48.5 | — | 6 | 5.6 |
| III | 52.9 | 51.5 | 63.8 | 94 | 88.8 |
| IV | 2.3 | — | 5.5 | — | 5.6 |
| Atrial fibrillation (n, %) | 57 (58.6) | 20 (60.6) | 12 (33.3) | 2 (11.8) | 17 (47) |
| Device (ICD or PPM) (n, %) | 43 (49.4) | 12 (36.4) | 6 (16.7) | 2 (11.8) | — |
| 6MWT distance (m) | 306.4 ± 90.5 | 292.6 ± 91.5 | 302 ± 73.6 | 338 ± 83.4 | 294.1 ± 83 |
| LVEF (%) | 34 ± 9 | 37 ± 9 | 29 ± 7 | 27 ± 8 | 34 ± 10 |
| LVEDV (mL) | 187 ± 65.6 | 188.6 ± 75.7 | 208.5 ± 62.0 | 237.4 ± 96.7 | 174.4 ± 51.2 |
| LVESV (mL) | 127.4 ± 56.1 | 122.0 ± 59.8 | 151.7 ± 57.1 | 177.7 ± 91.9 | 119.8 ± 39.6 |
| Mitral regurgitant volume (mL/beat) | 40.4 ± 23.9 | 38.1 ± 24.0 | 34.5 ± 11.5 | 39.9 ± 13.2 | 34.4 ± 13.5 |
| Mitral regurgitant grade (%) | |||||
| 1+ | 28.7 | 32.3 | |||
| 2+ | 39.1 | 25.8 | 19.4 | 11.8 | 28 |
| 3+ | 26.4 | 35.5 | 55.6 | 58.8 | 61 |
| 4+ | 5.7 | 6.5 | 25.0 | 29.4 | 11 |
6MWT, 6 min walking test; ICD, implantable cardioverter defibrillator; LVEDV, left ventricular end‐diastolic volume; LVEF, left ventricular ejection fraction; LVESV, left ventricular end‐systolic volume; NYHA, New York Heart Association; PPM, pace‐maker.