Table 2.
Cardiac structure and function
| CAD (n = 20) | HFpEF (n = 92) | P value | |
|---|---|---|---|
| Haemodynamics | |||
| Systolic BP (mmHg) | 120.8 ± 15.7 | 126.1 ± 22.0 | 0.3 |
| Diastolic BP (mmHg) | 67.2 ± 8.1 | 67.1 ± 12.9 | 1.0 |
| Mean BP (mmHg) | 85.0 ± 8.5 | 86.8 ± 14.2 | 0.6 |
| Heart rate (b.p.m.) | 70.5 ± 12.9 | 74.0 ± 14.8 | 0.3 |
| LV structure and function | |||
| LV end‐diastolic volume index (mL/m2) | 43.1 ± 15.0 | 61.4 ± 20.3 | 0.004 |
| LV mass index (g/m2) | 89.1 ± 16.4 | 108.9 ± 30.4 | 0.006 |
| LV ejection fraction (%) | 65.6 ± 6.9 | 57.8 ± 9.4 | 0.0007 |
| LV global longitudinal strain (%) | 20.5 ± 4.4 | 13.9 ± 4.4 | <0.0001 |
| Diastolic function | |||
| Mitral E wave (cm/s) | 62.6 ± 16.0 | 87.5 ± 29.0 | 0.0003 |
| Mitral A wave (cm/s) | 82.5 ± 20.3 | 83.0 ± 26.2 | 0.9 |
| Deceleration time (ms) | 259.1 ± 65.1 | 207.0 ± 68.9 | 0.003 |
| Mitral annular e′ (cm/s) | 5.2 ± 1.1 | 5.2 ± 1.7 | 0.9 |
| s′ velocity (cm/s) | 6.7 ± 1.3 | 5.4 ± 1.6 | 0.002 |
| E/e′ ratio | 11.4 (9.7–14.3) | 17.6 (12.9–22.7) | <0.0001 |
| LA volume index (mL/m2) | 24.9 ± 9.7 | 54.6 ± 26.7 | <0.0001 |
| TR velocity (m/s) | 2.1 ± 0.4 | 2.6 ± 0.5 | 0.0008 |
| RV structure and function | |||
| RV basal diameter (mm) | 33.0 ± 6.3 | 35.8 ± 6.9 | 0.1 |
| RV mid‐diameter (mm) | 24.0 ± 4.5 | 27.9 ± 6.1 | 0.007 |
| RV long diameter (mm) | 63.4 ± 5.9 | 62.2 ± 8.3 | 0.5 |
| TAPSE (mm) | 22.2 ± 3.2 | 16.4 ± 4.9 | 0.0005 |
A wave, late diastolic mitral inflow velocity; BP, blood pressure; CAD, coronary artery disease; E wave, early diastolic mitral inflow velocity; e′, early diastolic mitral annular tissue velocity; HFpEF, heart failure with preserved ejection fraction; LA, left atrial; LV, left ventricular; RV, right ventricular; s′, systolic mitral annular tissue velocity; TAPSE, tricuspid annular plane systolic excursion; TR, tricuspid regurgitation.
Data are mean ± standard deviation or median (inter‐quartile range).