Table 1.
Summary of results in adults from meta-analyses for dichotomous outcomes.
| Outcome | Genetic model | Subanalysis | No. of studies | Heterogeneity |
Effect summary |
||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| I2 | pQ | OR (95% CI) | pZ | ||||
| NAFLD diagnosis (control vs. NAFLD) | Recessive | Overall | 17 | 0.25 | 0.17 | 1.15 (1.05–1.26) | 0.0018 |
| Non-Caucasian | 5 | 0 | 0.46 | 1.1 (0.9–1.34) | 0.343 | ||
| Caucasian | 12 | 0.38 | 0.09 | 1.17 (1.05–1.3) | 0.0033 | ||
| Severe steatosis (S1–S2 vs. S3) | Recessive | Overall | 8 | 0.67 | 0 | 1.08 (0.78–1.5) | 0.642 |
| Non-Caucasian | 1 | NA | NA | 1.11 (0.39–3.16) | 0.852 | ||
| Caucasian | 7 | 0.72 | 0 | 1.08 (0.76–1.54) | 0.676 | ||
| NASH (NAFL vs. NASH) | Recessive | Overall | 9 | 0.33 | 0.15 | 1.14 (0.96–1.36) | 0.128 |
| Non-Caucasian | 3 | 0 | 0.58 | 1.24 (0.81–1.9) | 0.324 | ||
| Caucasian | 6 | 0.53 | 0.06 | 1.14 (0.93–1.41) | 0.213 | ||
| Any fibrosis (F0 vs. F1–F4) | Recessive | Overall | 9 | 0.52 | 0.03 | 1.27 (1.04–1.54) | 0.0183 |
| Non-Caucasian | 2 | 0 | 0.82 | 2.14 (1.2–3.84) | 0.0105 | ||
| Caucasian | 7 | 0.51 | 0.06 | 1.19 (0.99–1.45) | 0.068 | ||
| Advanced fibrosis (F0–F2 vs. F3–F4) | Recessive | Overall | 8 | 0 | 0.65 | 1.2 (1.02–1.42) | 0.027 |
| Non-Caucasian | 2 | 0 | 0.64 | 0.96 (0.5–1.85) | 0.911 | ||
| Caucasian | 6 | 0 | 0.5 | 1.22 (1.03–1.45) | 0.0206 | ||
| HCC (NAFLD-HCC vs. NAFLD no-HCC) | Recessive | Overall | 4 | 0 | 0.95 | 1.4 (0.99–1.98) | 0.056 |
Meta-analyses were performed using random effects with subgroup analysis for Caucasian and non-Caucasian populations. Additive, recessive and dominant genetic models were tested for all outcomes. Results using a recessive model of inheritance (CC + CT vs. TT) are shown for all outcomes. Given the use of 3 genetic models, the critical p value for effect summary is pz <0.017. Full results (with all genetic models) are in Table S5. Meta-analyses were performed using random effects with DerSimonian-Laird method for estimation of tau2. OR, odds ratio.