Table 2.
Factors Associated With Increased Hospitalization Rates
| Characteristic | All-cause Hospitalizations | Hospitalizations With CD4 Count <100 Cells/μLa |
|---|---|---|
| IRR (95% CI)b | IRR (95% CI)b | |
| Sexual risk group | ||
| Heterosexual men | 1 (ref) | 1 (ref) |
| Women | 0.94 (.83–1.08) | 0.85 (.68–1.06) |
| MSM | 0.73 (.63–.84) | 0.74 (.59–.93) |
| Race/ethnicity | ||
| White | 1 (ref) | 1 (ref) |
| Black | 1.54 (1.36–1.75) | 2.24 (1.77–2.84) |
| Hispanic | 1.00 (.79–1.28) | 1.89 (1.24–2.86) |
| Other | 1.41 (.99–1.99) | 1.38 (.81–2.36) |
| Injection drug usec | 1.54 (1.34–1.77) | 1.15 (.90–1.46) |
| Aged | 1.07 (1.02–1.13) | 0.81 (.74–.87) |
| HIV RNA >400 copies/mLe,f | 2.00 (1.79–2.24) | 11.70 (9.07–15.09) |
| CD4 count <200 cells/μLe,g | 3.32 (2.97–3.70) | NAh |
Abbreviations: CI, confidence interval; HIV, human immunodeficiency virus; IRR, incidence rate ratio; MSM, men who have sex with men; NA, not applicable; ref, reference.
aIn the absence of discharge diagnosis data, a CD4 count <100 cells/µL, measured up to 9 months prior and including hospital admission date, was used as an indicator that hospitalization was likely AIDS related.
bIRRs, 95% CIs, and P values from Poisson regression models including only 1 characteristic and calendar year.
cInjection drug use as a risk factor for HIV acquisition.
dPer 10-year increase.
eLagged by a year.
fExcludes 3866 person-years missing an HIV RNA measurement.
gExcludes 3203 person-years missing a CD4 cell count measurement.
hCD4 count was not examined as a risk factor for likely AIDS-associated hospitalizations, as CD4 cell count was used to define this outcome.