TABLE 5.

Selected KEGG orthology level 2 pathways in cecal digesta of pigs fed diets with or without phytase and lactic acid treatment of cereals^a

KEGG pathway	% relative abundance under indicated grain treatment conditions				SEM	P value
	No phytase		Phytase
	CON	LA	CON	LA		Phytase	LA	Phytase × LA
Amino acid metabolism	32.71	35.49	27.73	28.47	2.036	0.007	0.396	0.621
Carbohydrate metabolism	13.76 a	11.47 b	13.11 ab	12.63 b	0.435	0.557	0.004	0.048
Translation	8.16 bc	6.48 c	8.60 b	10.20 a	0.729	0.009	0.960	0.035
Membrane transport	5.80	5.21	6.73	6.84	0.457	0.010	0.609	0.457
Metabolism of cofactors and vitamins	4.39 b	6.44 a	3.97 b	4.33 b	0.319	< 0.01	< 0.01	0.014
Folding, sorting, and degradation	3.96	3.49	4.83	4.58	0.395	0.020	0.373	0.778
Energy metabolism	2.37	1.81	2.39	2.25	0.109	0.046	0.003	0.063
Signal transduction	1.28	1.22	1.40	1.48	0.068	0.012	0.921	0.318
Glycan biosynthesis and metabolism	0.88 b	0.86 b	1.00 b	1.32 a	0.076	< 0.01	0.055	0.037
Lipid metabolism	0.98	1.10	0.91	0.91	0.041	0.005	0.220	0.172
Cell growth and death	0.76	0.51	0.87	0.60	0.108	0.381	0.026	0.935
Metabolism of terpenoids and polyketides	0.67	0.52	0.80	0.75	0.073	0.020	0.167	0.494
Cell motility	0.74	0.60	0.72	0.66	0.026	0.388	0.001	0.112
Membrane transport	6.33	5.75	7.33	7.45	0.472	0.009	0.630	0.463
Transport and catabolism	0.68	0.84	0.56	0.24	0.162	0.037	0.623	0.155
Xenobiotics biodegradation and metabolism	0.64	0.59	0.70	0.73	0.032	0.005	0.737	0.236
Cell communication	0.35	0.33	0.40	0.40	0.020	0.005	0.710	0.473

^aValues are presented as least-square means ± SEM (n = 8 pigs per dietary treatment). Different lowercase letters (a, b, and c) in cell entries within a row indicate a significant difference (P ≤ 0.05). KEGG, Kyoto Encyclopedia of Genes and Genomes; Con, control; LA, lactic acid-treated cereals. Only KO level 2 pathways whose results were significantly different (P ≤ 0.05) or tended to be different (P ≤ 0.10) among treatments are presented.