Table 3.
Psychometric, sleep and recovery characteristics; biochemical markers; and nutritional status of the runners on the day of the experimental procedures (n = 14)
| Grape juice | Placebo | p | |
|---|---|---|---|
| MDA (µmol/L) | 4.3 ± 1.0 | 4.1 ± 1.0 | 0.99 |
| TAC (%) | 27.8 ± 7.6 | 27.8 ± 7.7 | 0.99 |
| A1GPA (mg/dl) | 70.4 ± 17.7 | 69.2 ± 14.2 | 0.70 |
| hs-CRP (mg/dl) | 1.5 ± 1.2 | 1.5 ± 1.6 | 0.95 |
| CK (U/L) | 193.2 ± 80.9 | 206.7 ± 118.0 | 0.99 |
| LDH (U/L) | 318.1 ± 65.0 | 309.5 ± 52.3 | 0.99 |
| Energy (kcal/kg/day) | 34.5 ± 12.6 | 38.9 ± 14.6 | 0.46 |
| Carbohydrate (g/kg/day) | 5.3 ± 1.8 | 5.5 ± 1.8 | 0.75 |
| Protein (g/kg/day) | 1.2 ± 0.4 | 1.3 ± 0.5 | 0.44 |
| Fat (g/kg/day) | 1.0 ± 0.5 | 1.3 ± 0.9 | 0.31 |
| Vitamin A (RE/day) | 509.5 ± 430.9 | 614.5 ± 372.7 | 0.54 |
| Vitamin C (mg/day) | 112.7 ± 130.3 | 129.9 ± 131.5 | 0.76 |
| Vitamin D (mg/day) | 28.6 ± 65.8 | 25.9 ± 80.9 | 0.93 |
| Vitamin E (mg/day) | 7.6 ± 5.3 | 12.7 ± 9.6 | 0.14 |
| Copper (µcg/day) | 0.9 ± 0.3 | 1.2 ± 1.2 | 0.39 |
| Selenium (µcg/day) | 45.9 ± 27.4 | 68.1 ± 21.6* | 0.04 |
| Zinc (mg/day) | 6.2 ± 2.5 | 8.1 ± 4.3 | 0.21 |
| Manganese (mg/day) | 185.5 ± 76.8 | 183.5 ± 94.2 | 0.95 |
| Sleep (h/day) | 7.6 ± 1.7 | 7.4 ± 1.5 | 0.52 |
| ESS-BR (score) | 7.1 ± 2.2 | 5.8 ± 3.1 | 0.13 |
| POMS (score) | 89.9 ± 16.7 | 91.5 ± 12.4 | 0.56 |
| Stress RESTQ-sport (score) | 0.7 ± 0.6 | 0.7 ± 0.8 | 0.99 |
| Recovery RESTQ-sport (score) | 3.8 ± 0.8 | 3.9 ± 1.0 | 0.99 |
MDA malondialdehyde, TAC total antioxidant capacity, A1GPA alpha-1-acid glycoprotein, hs-CRP high-sensitivity c-reactive protein, CK creatine kinase, LDH lactate dehydrogenase, ESS-BR epworth sleepiness scale-brazilian, POMS profile of mood states; RESTQ sport recovery-stress questionnaire for athletes
*Indicates significant difference (p < 0.05) between the groups analyzed by paired t test