Figure 1. Infectious ecology and host range of influenza D virus.

Influenza D virus utilizes bovines as a primary reservoir with frequent spillover to other animals. The bold black line indicates animals or human that derived influenza D virus or viral genome, while the dotted black line represents animals in which viral antibodies were detected without the evidence of virus isolation or the detection of viral genome. Vector graphic images used in the figure were taken from icon pool of the Microsoft Office and Freepik (www.freepik.com).