Table 1:
Demographic, perinatal and clinical details
| No Anesthesia (n=59) | Anesthesia (n=25) | p | |
|---|---|---|---|
| Gestational Age (wks) | 27 (26–28) | 25 (24–27) | <0.001 |
| Birthweight (g) | 1012 ± 256 | 787 ± 228 | <0.001 |
| z-score | −0.41 ± 0.96 | −0.67 ± 1.03 | 0.25 |
| Pre-natal steroids | 54 (92) | 23 (92) | 0.94 |
| Maternal Age at birth | 27 (22–33) | 29 (24–33) | 0.22 |
| Singleton | 37 (63) | 14 (56) | 0.56 |
| Male | 24 (41) | 15 (60) | 0.10 |
| Race | |||
| African-American | 21 (36) | 12 (48) | 0.28 |
| Caucasian | 33 (56) | 12 (48) | |
| Asian | 3 (5) | 1 (4) | |
| Biracial | 2 (3) | 0 | |
| Duration of Ventilation (hours) | 24 (5–96) | 696 (180–1103) | <0.001 |
| Confirmed Sepsis | 14 (24) | 14 (56) | 0.004 |
| PDA treated | 15 (25) | 18 (72) | <0.001 |
| NEC | 2 (3) | 3 (12) | 0.13 |
| Cranial Ultrasound | |||
| IVH grades 3–4 | 2 (3%) | 4 (16%) | 0.06 |
| Cystic PVL | 0 | 0 | |
| MRI abnormality score | 0.08 | ||
| Normal (0–3) | 13 (22) | 1 (4) | |
| Mild (4–7) | 24 (41) | 10 (40) | |
| Moderate (8–11) | 8 (14) | 7 (28) | |
| Severe (>12) | 7 (12) | 6 (24) | |
| Significant MRI Injury | 15 (25) | 13 (52) | 0.07 |
| Surgical and Anesthetic Data | |||
| Number of Surgeries | -- | ||
| None | 59 (100) | 0 | |
| One | 14 (56) | ||
| Two or more | 11 (44) | ||
| Total Surgical Duration (mins) | -- | 148 (63–244) | -- |
| Type of Surgery | |||
| PDA Ligation | -- | 15 (60) | -- |
| Retinopathy surgery | -- | 8 (32) | |
| Inguinal Surgery | -- | 5 (20) | -- |
| Abdominal Surgery | -- | 5 (20) | -- |
| Number of Anesthetic Agents | -- | 2 (1–3) | -- |
| Type of Anesthetic | |||
| Iso/Sevo/Des-flurane | -- | 16 (64) | -- |
| Fentanyl | -- | 20 (80) | -- |
| Propofol | -- | 9 (36) | -- |
| Ketamine | -- | 5 (20) | -- |
| Midazolam | -- | 4 (16) | -- |
| Anesthesia after discharge | 8 (14) | 11 (44) | <0.001 |
N (%), mean ± SD, median (IQR). PMA-postmenstrual age, TEA-term equivalent age, PDA-Patent Ductus Arteriosus medically or surgically treated, NEC-necrotizing enterocolitis