Table 3.
Unadjusted outcomes stratified by AKIN classification AKI stage
| Variable | All Patients | No AKI | AKI | p-value | ||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| (n=854) | (n=623) | Stage 1 (n=182) | Stage 2 (n=35) | Stage 3 (n=14) | ||
| Inotrope use ≥24 hours after study drug initiation | 486 (56.9%) | 332 (53.3%) | 121 (66.5%) | 25 (71.4%) | 8 (57.1%) | 0.004 |
| Postoperative inotrope/vasopressor use | ||||||
| Dopamine | 33 (3.9%) | 18 (2.9%) | 13 (7.1%) | 2 (5.7%) | - | 0.06 |
| Norepinephrine | 396 (46.4%) | 277 (44.5%) | 88 (48.4%) | 23 (65.7%) | 8 (57.1%) | 0.07 |
| Epinephrine | 185 (21.7%) | 122 (19.6%) | 40 (22.0%) | 18 (51.4%) | 5 (35.7%) | <0.001 |
| Vasopressin | 189 (22.1%) | 112 (18.0%) | 57 (31.3%) | 13 (37.1%) | 7 (50.0%) | <0.001 |
| Phenylephrine | 87 (10.2%) | 58 (9.3%) | 22 (12.1%) | 5 (14.3%) | 2 (14.3%) | 0.388 |
| Dobutamine | 136 (15.9%) | 87 (14.0%) | 40 (22.0%) | 7 (20.0%) | 2 (14.3%) | 0.07 |
| Milrinone | 140 (16.4%) | 88 (14.1%) | 37 (20.3%) | 11 (31.4%) | 4 (28.6%) | 0.009 |
| Postoperative MCS use | ||||||
| IABP | 73 (8.5%) | 44 (7.1%) | 19 (10.4%) | 8 (22.9%) | 2 (14.3%) | 0.008 |
| ECMO | 7 (0.8%) | 3 (0.5%) | 1 (0.5%) | 2 (5.7%) | 1 (7.1%) | 0.008 |
| LVAD | 8 (0.9%) | 3 (0.5%) | 1 (0.5%) | 3 (8.6%) | 1 (7.1%) | 0.001 |
| Median ICU length of stay (days, IQR) | 4 (3–6) | 3 (3–5) | 5 (3–8) | 8 (5–16) | 6.5 (3–10) | <0.001 |
| Median hospital length of stay (days, IQR) | 8 (7–11) | 8 (6–11) | 9 (7–15) | 14 (8–23) | 10 (7–14) | <0.001 |
| 30-day mortalitya | 31 (3.7%) | 14 (2.3%) | 8 (4.6%) | 6 (18.2%) | 3 (23.1%) | <0.001 |
| 30-day renal failurea | 34 (4.1%) | 2 (0.3%) | 8 (4.6%) | 12 (36.4%) | 12 (92.3%) | <0.001 |
a
Modified intention to treat (n=828); AKI, acute kidney injury; MCS, mechanical circulatory support; IABP, intraaortic balloon pump; ECMO, extracorporeal membrane oxygenation; LVAD, left ventricular assist device; ICU, intensive care unit; IQR, interquartile range