Properties of dual- and 3-species biofilms cultured in 1% sucrose. (a) Colony-forming units (CFU) and (b) dry weight of Streptococcus mutans–Candida albicans, Streptococcus gordonii–C. albicans, and S. mutans–S. gordonii–C. albicans biofilms. Representative confocal images of (c) S. mutans–C. albicans, (d) S. gordonii–C. albicans, and (e) S. mutans–S. gordonii–C. albicans biofilms. Green, red, blue, and gray colors indicate S. mutans, S. gordonii, Extracellular polysaccharides-matrix, and C. albicans, respectively. (f) Biovolumes of each strain in each biofilm. Asterisk indicates that the values are significantly different from dual-species biofilms. Hash indicates that the values are significantly different among groups. (P < 0.05) (n = 8).