Table 3.
Comparison of technical characteristics and procedure-related outcomes between COVID-19 cases and the control group.
| COVID-19 cases | Control cases | % difference (controls–cases) and 95% CI | p value | |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| Cannulation method | N/A | |||
| GW | 11/18 | 47/67 | ||
| CG | 3/18 | 7/67 | 0.22 | |
| DGW | 4/18 | 5/67 | ||
| Precut | 0/18 | 7/67 | ||
| Other | 0/18 | 1/67 | ||
| Failed | 0/18 | 0/67 | ||
| Technical success | 14/18 (77.7%, 95% CI 55.3–93.5%) | 64/67 (95.5%, 95% CI 87.4–99.0%) | 17.8% (2.3–40.9%) | 0.034** |
| Need for re-intervention | 9/18 (50%) | 20/67 (29.8%) | −20.2% (−43.2% to +3.8%) | 0.16 |
| Procedure-related AE | 1/18 (5.5%) | 10/67 (14.9%) | 9.4% (−11.8% to +20.7%) | 0.44 |
| Trainee involvement | 2/18 (11.1%, 95% CI 1.3–34.7%) | 25/67 (37.3%, 95% CI 25.8–49.9%) | 26.2% (2.0–40.6%) | 0.045** |
**
Statistically significant using Fisher’s exact test.
AE, adverse event; CI, confidence interval; COVID-19, coronavirus disease 2019; N/A, not applicable.