Figure 2.

a) TEM image of as‐prepared ultrasmall NiO nanoparticles. b) DRIFTS spectra of bare NiO and all modified NiO samples. High‐resolution core XPS spectra of c) F 1s of NiO−C₆F₅, d) N 1s of NiO−C₆H₄NO₂, and e) Cl 2p of NiO−C₆H₃Cl₂.