TABLE 1.

Baseline Characteristics of Ischemic Stroke Patients with Atrial Fibrillation According to Prior Anticoagulation Therapy

Characteristic	All patients with AF (n = 8,179)	Patients with AF without anticoagulation (n = 5,059)	Vitamin K antagonists
			All (n = 1,486)	INR ≤1.7 (n = 609)	INR >1.7 (n = 877)	DOACs (n = 1,634)	p a
Age, yr	n = 8,179, 79.8 ± 9.6	n = 5,059, 79.4 ± 10.1	n = 1,486, 81.3 ± 8.2	n = 609, 82.1 ± 7.8	n = 877, 80.7 ± 8.4	n = 1,634, 79.8 ± 8.9	<0.001
Sex, male	n = 8,173, 4207 (51%)	n = 5,055, 2,558 (51%)	n = 1,485, 766 (52%)	n = 608, 279 (46%)	n = 877, 487 (56%)	n = 1,633, 883 (54%)	0.051
Body mass index, kg/m2	n = 5,745, 25.8 ± 4.6	n = 3,637, 25.8 ± 4.6	n = 1,029, 26.0 ± 4.6	n = 402, 25.7 ± 4.3	n = 627, 26.3 ± 4.7	n = 1,079, 25.8 ± 4.7	0.202
Previous ischemic stroke, yes	n = 8,100, 1784 (22%)	n = 4,998, 847 (17%)	n = 1,473, 401 (27%)	n = 602, 163 (27%)	n = 871, 238 (27%)	n = 1,629, 536 (33%)	<0.001
Previous transient ischemic attack, yes	n = 8,093, 578 (7%)	n = 4,998, 281 (6%)	n = 1,470, 146 (10%)	n = 599, 46 (8%)	n = 871, 100 (11%)	n = 1,625, 151 (9%)	<0.001
Previous intracerebral hemorrhage, yes	n = 8,101, 195 (2%)	n = 5,000, 131 (3%)	n = 1,474, 31 (2%)	n = 603, 12 (2%)	n = 871, 19 (2%)	n = 1,627, 33 (2%)	0.281
Hypertension, yes	n = 8,132, 6,823 (84%)	n = 5,018, 4,092 (82%)	n = 1,482, 1,306 (88%)	n = 605, 545 (90%)	n = 877, 761 (87%)	n = 1,632, 1,425 (87%)	<0.001
Diabetes mellitus, yes	n = 8,127, 1,868 (23%)	n = 5,016, 1,060 (21%)	n = 1,480, 406 (27%)	n = 604, 165 (27%)	n = 876, 241 (28%)	n = 1,631, 402 (25%)	<0.001
Dyslipidemia, yes	n = 8,079, 5,001 (62%)	n = 4,990, 2,975 (60%)	n = 1,469, 964 (66%)	n = 600, 384 (64%)	n = 869, 580 (67%)	n = 1,620, 1,062 (66%)	<0.001
Smoker, yes	n = 8,020, 978 (12%)	n = 4,932, 649 (13%)	n = 1,469, 140 (10%)	n = 602, 49 (8%)	n = 867, 91 (10%)	n = 1,619, 189 (12%)	0.001
Onset to hospital time, min	n = 7,670, 591.8 ± 1331.1	n = 4,754, 554.7 ± 1289.7	n = 1,397, 603.0 ± 1328.5	n = 578, 400.6 ± 1302.8	n = 819, 745.8 ± 1328.6	n = 1,519, 697.8 ± 1451.0	0.001
INR value			n = 1450, 1.9 (1.5; 2.4)	n = 609, 1.4 (1.2; 1.6)	n = 841, 2.3 (2.0; 2.8)
Glucose, mmol/l	n = 6,720, 7.3 ± 2.9	n = 4,159, 7.3 ± 2.9	n = 1,221, 7.3 ± 2.5	n = 483, 7.2 ± 2.4	n = 738, 7.3 ± 2.6	n = 1,340, 7.2 ± 3.0	0.743
Blood pressure, systolic, mmHg	n = 7,850, 155.5 ± 27.7	n = 4,841, 156.2 ± 27.9	n = 1,434, 154.2 ± 27.1	n = 586, 154.4 ± 27.4	n = 848, 154.0 ± 26.9	n = 1,575, 154.2 ± 27.9	0.007
Blood pressure, diastolic, mmHg	n = 7,846, 85.4 ± 18.2	n = 4,837, 85.9 ± 18.3	n = 1,436, 85.1 ± 18.2	n = 586, 84.8 ± 18.2	n = 850, 85.2 ± 18.2	n = 1,573, 84.4 ± 17.9	0.018

^aUnivariate comparison between controls, all vitamin K antagonists and DOACs.

AF = atrial fibrillation; DOACs = direct oral anticoagulants; INR = international normalized ratio.