FIGURE 1.

Development of spontaneous congestive heart failure in Tie2FF1 mice. A, Increased incidence of sudden death in Tie2FF1 mice after 20 weeks of age (n = 14 in each group). B and C, Representative left ventricular echocardiographic tracings (B) and measurement of ejection fraction, fractional shortening, and left ventricular (LV) volume in Tie2 ctrl (dotted line) and Tie2FF1 (black line) mice (C). Results are expressed as mean value ± standard error of the mean. Statistical significance was determined by the Mann‐Whitney test (n = 4 mice in each group at 10–12 weeks and 20–22 weeks, n = 10 mice in each group at 28–30 weeks). D, Blood counts of 20‐ to 22‐week‐old Tie2‐cre control (gray) and Tie2FF1 (black) mice (n = 5–6 in each group). E, Ly‐6C^hi (CD11b^hiLy‐6G^loLy‐6C^hi) monocytes in 20‐ to 30‐week‐old Tie2‐cre control (gray) and Tie2FF (black) mice (n = 4 in each group). Statistical significance for (D) and (E) was determined by the Mann‐Whitney test. *P < .05