TABLE 1.
Baseline characteristics of patients with type 2 diabetes free from cardiovascular and renal disease
| SGLT2i | DPP4i | Standardized difference (%) a | |
|---|---|---|---|
| Number of patients | 105 130 | 105 130 | n/a |
| Age, years (mean ± SD) | 55.7 ± 11.9 | 55.4 ± 12.6 | 2.5 |
| Females, n (%) | 45 254 (43.0) | 45 095 (42.9) | 0.3 |
| Microvascular complications, n (%) | 25 830 (24.6) | 24 870 (23.7) | 2.1 |
| Frailty, n (%) | 11 146 (10.6) | 10 980 (10.4) | 0.5 |
| CVD prevention, n (%) | |||
| Statins | 56 688 (53.9) | 56 318 (53.6) | 0.7 |
| Antihypertensives | 59 559 (56.7) | 58 776 (55.9) | 1.5 |
| ACE inhibitors | 17 358 (16.5) | 17 111 (16.3) | 0.6 |
| ARBs | 35 705 (34.0) | 35 398 (33.7) | 0.6 |
| Beta blockers | 15 478 (14.7) | 15 248 (14.5) | 0.6 |
| Loop diuretics | 4490 (4.3) | 4343 (4.1) | 0.7 |
| Aldosterone antagonists | 1400 (1.3) | 1339 (1.3) | 0.5 |
| Glucose‐lowering drugs, n (%) | |||
| Metformin | 81 010 (77.1) | 81 435 (77.5) | 1.0 |
| Sulphonylurea | 31 804 (30.3) | 31 068 (29.6) | 1.5 |
| GLP1‐RA | 4747 (4.5) | 3955 (3.8) | 3.8 |
| Thiazolidinediones | 7507 (7.1) | 7105 (6.8) | 1.5 |
| Insulin | 18 012 (17.1) | 17 395 (16.5) | 1.6 |
| Index year | |||
| 2013 | 1657 (2.6) | 1593 (2.5) | 0.6 |
| 2014 | 11 231 (10.7) | 10 839 (10.3) | 1.2 |
| 2015 | 24 681 (23.5) | 24 715 (23.5) | 0.1 |
| 2016 | 33 295 (31.7) | 33 102 (31.5) | 0.4 |
| 2017 | 16 178 (25.5) | 16 300 (25.7) | 0.4 |
| 2018 | 18 081 (28.5) | 18 578 (29.3) | 1.7 |
Note: All numbers in parenthesis are percentages if not stated otherwise. Frailty, three or more consecutive days in hospital within the year before the index.
Abbreviations: ACEi, angiotensin‐converting enzyme inhibitor; ARBs, angiotensin receptor blockers; CVD, cardiovascular disease; DPP4i, dipeptidyl‐peptidase‐4 inhibitors; GLP‐1RA, glucagon‐like peptide‐1 receptor agonist; SD, standard deviation; SGLT2i, sodium‐glucose cotransporter‐2 inhibitors.
a
An imbalance in baseline characteristics was considered when standardized difference >10%.