Figure 8.

The genetic code. Codons consisting of three bases (triplets) correspond to different amino acids. Each amino acid may be spelled by multiple codons (the code is degenerate). The chart is read from the inside outwards (following the red arrows), e. g. “AUG” corresponds to the start codon, methionine, corresponding to the beginning of a protein. The genetic code is universal, i. e. identical across all organisms with only a few exceptions. https://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/File:Aminoacids_table.svg, public domain.